Inequalities in diet and physical activity in Europe

Dowler, Elizabeth

doi:10.1079/phn2001160

Cited by 156 publications

(129 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Household eating habits are considered environmental factors that contribute to health inequalities [47] [48], particularly those relating to the weight of children [25] [26]. Indeed, parents are a child's first social referent, and they learn to love eating the food their parents eat or avoid eating the foods their parents do not eat [25].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between Children’s Body Mass Index and Parents’ Obesity and Socioeconomic Status: A Multilevel Analysis Applied with Luxembourg Data

Tchicaya¹,

Lorentz²

2014

Health

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Obesity in children is a health crisis because the problem is increasing in most developed countries. This study measures the relationship between body mass index (BMI) of children aged 7 -12 years residing in Luxembourg and the weight and socioeconomic status of their parents. The data used are from the 2007 Socio-Economic Panel Liewen zu Lëtzebuerg/European Union-Statistics on Income and Living Conditions survey, which covers a population of approximately 10,000 people. The study sample includes 775 children whose weight and height were recorded to calculate their BMI. The descriptive analysis with the socioeconomic distribution of the children's BMI and the multilevel logistic regression of the probability to be in overweight or obese were performed. The mean BMI of children was 17.4 kg/m² for boys and girls. The prevalence of overweight was 21.2% (including 3% who were obese). Weight status, educational level, physical activity, and eating habits of parents were associated with BMI in children. Furthermore, children of foreign nationality had 2.9 times more risk to be overweight or obese than other children of Luxembourg nationality (OR = 2.90, 95%CI: 1.38 -6.10). Children living in household with at least one parent who was obese were 6.51 times more likely to be in overweight or obese compared to those in household with both parents normal (OR = 6.51, 95%CI: 2.48 -17.08). Overall, nationality and weight status of parents were the main determinants of children's weight status. Promoting healthy diets and regular physical activity and educating parents on the consequences of overweight and obesity on children's health in adulthood are effective strategies to control overweight and obesity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between Children’s Body Mass Index and Parents’ Obesity and Socioeconomic Status: A Multilevel Analysis Applied with Luxembourg Data

Tchicaya¹,

Lorentz²

2014

Health

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“…In industrialised countries there is strong evidence of a positive association between diet quality and socioeconomic status as measured by conventional indices such as occupation, education or income level (1)(2)(3) . In the 1980s and 1990s, the US authorities recognised that a subset of citizens had difficulties obtaining adequate access to food and specific quantitative indicators were developed to monitor food insecurity (FI) at the household and individual levels (4) .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Socio-economic characteristics, living conditions and diet quality are associated with food insecurity in France

Bocquier

Vieux

Lioret

et al. 2015

Public Health Nutr.

108

105

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Objective: To assess the prevalence of household food insecurity (FI) in France and to describe its associations with socio-economic factors, health behaviours, diet quality and cost (estimated using mean food prices). Design: Cross-sectional nationally representative survey. FI was assessed using an adapted version of the US Department of Agriculture's Food Insufficiency Indicator; dietary intake was assessed using a 7 d open-ended food record; and individual demographic, socio-economic and behavioural variables were assessed using self-administered questionnaires and interviews. Individuals experiencing FI were compared with food-secure individuals, the latter being divided into four categories according to quartiles of their income per consumption unit (FS1 to FS4). Differences among categories were analysed using χ 2 tests, ANOVA and tests for trend. Results: Individuals experiencing FI represented 12·2 % of the population. They were on average younger, more frequently women and single parents with children compared with those in the other four categories. Their mean income per consumption unit was higher than that in the FS1 category, but they reported poorer material and housing conditions. The prevalence of smoking and the mean daily time spent watching television were also higher in the FI category. No significant difference among categories was found for energy intake, but mean intakes of fruits, vegetables and fish were lower, and diet quality was slightly but significantly poorer in the FI category. Daily diet cost was also lower in the FI category. Conclusions: France is not spared by FI. FI should be routinely monitored at the national level and research should be promoted to identify effective strategies to reduce nutrition inequalities in France.

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“…There is now widespread and longstanding recognition in the UK and elsewhere that members of low-income households are more likely to have patterns of food and nutrient intakes that contribute to poor health outcomes in the short and long term (1)(2)(3)(4) . These differentials seem to be persistent despite government commitment to reducing inequalities in health and well-being and despite clear improvements in average health indices such as life expectancy.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Symposium on ‘Intervention policies for deprived households’ Policy initiatives to address low-income households' nutritional needs in the UK

Dowler

2008

Proc. Nutr. Soc.

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Members of low-income households in the UK are more likely to have patterns of food and nutrient intakes that are less inclined to lead to good health outcomes in the short and long term. Health inequalities, including the likelihood of child and adulthood obesity, have long been documented in the UK and show little sign of improving so far, despite 10 years of attention from a government that has committed itself to addressing them. Following the Acheson Inquiry into Inequalities in Health (1998) in England a number of initiatives to tackle inequalities in food and diet were established, both nationally and within the devolved nations of Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. Nevertheless, until recently, there has been no overall strategic policy addressing the food and nutritional needs of low-income households. The present paper reviews how the problems have been constructed and understood and how they have been addressed, briefly drawing on recent evaluations of food and nutrition policies in Scotland and Wales. The contemporary challenge is to frame cross-cutting policy initiatives that move beyond simple targeting and local actions, encompass a life-course approach and recognise both the diversity of households that fall into 'low-income' categories and the need for 'upstream' intervention.UK low-income households: Food and nutritional needs: Policy initiatives

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Inequalities in diet and physical activity in Europe

Cited by 156 publications

References 33 publications

Relationship between Children’s Body Mass Index and Parents’ Obesity and Socioeconomic Status: A Multilevel Analysis Applied with Luxembourg Data

Relationship between Children’s Body Mass Index and Parents’ Obesity and Socioeconomic Status: A Multilevel Analysis Applied with Luxembourg Data

Socio-economic characteristics, living conditions and diet quality are associated with food insecurity in France

Symposium on ‘Intervention policies for deprived households’ Policy initiatives to address low-income households' nutritional needs in the UK

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