Abstract:The insular cortex plays an important role in multimodal sensory processing, audio-visual integration and emotion; however, little is known about how the insula is affected by auditory deprivation due to sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL). To address this issue, we used structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging to determine if the neural activity within the insula and its interregional functional connectivity (FC) was disrupted by SNHL and if these alterations were correlated clinical measures of emo… Show more
“…After the whole-brain analysis, we selected regions of interest that have been consistently implicated in previous neuroimaging studies relating audition, cognition, and dementia (Li et al, 2017;Ren et al, 2018;Xu X.-M. et al, 2019). To define ROI's, we used the Desikan-Killiany atlas, a gyrus-based atlas (Desikan et al, 2006) that has been commonly employed to explore cortical morphometry (Fornito et al, 2013;Jalbrzikowski et al, 2013).…”
Section: Image Processing and Analysismentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Considering that our study explores audition, cognition, NPS and functional impairment, we looked for the main cortical and subcortical brain areas responsible for the following functions in the literature: (i) temporal cortex (e.g., superior, middle, and inferior gyri) was atrophied in a longitudinal hearing impairment study (Lin et al, 2011); (ii) cingulate cortex has been previously related with presbycusis (Husain, 2016;Belkhiria et al, 2019); (iii) amygdala atrophy has been related with neuropsychiatric symptoms in early AD (Poulin et al, 2011); and (iv) structural and functional changes of the insula have been reported in hearing loss patients (Yang et al, 2014;Li et al, 2017;Ren et al, 2018;Xu X.-M. et al, 2019). Other regions such as the hippocampus, thalamus and accumbens areas were included because of their early affection in AD (ten Kate et al, 2018).…”
Section: Regions Of Interest (Rois)mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Some of these areas, such as the cingulate cortex and the insula, have been shown to be activated during speech understanding of acoustically degraded situations. During these conditions, subjects need to increase their listening effort to comprehend the acoustic information (Sharma and Glick, 2016;Xu X.-M. et al, 2019). The listening effort might increase the cognitive load, deteriorating cognitive processing of non-auditory stimuli in patients with presbycusis (Cardin, 2016;Husain, 2016).…”
Section: Structural Brain Changes Related With Functional Impairment mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The listening effort might increase the cognitive load, deteriorating cognitive processing of non-auditory stimuli in patients with presbycusis (Cardin, 2016;Husain, 2016). Accordingly, a recent study evaluating functional and structural MRI in hearing impaired patients (Xu X.-M. et al, 2019) showed that the functional connections between insula and other brain regions were significantly decreased and associated with emotional and cognitive dysregulation in these patients. In addition, a study in patients with presbycusis and structural MRI showed evidence that a thicker right insula was associated with better speech perception (Ren et al, 2018).…”
Section: Structural Brain Changes Related With Functional Impairment mentioning
Belkhiria et al. Neurobehavioral Impairment in Presbycusis that (i) the neuropsychiatric symptoms had a major effect on functional loss in subjects with presbycusis, (ii) cochlear dysfunction is relevant for the association between hearing loss and behavioral impairment, and (iii) atrophy of the insula and amygdala among other temporal areas are related with hearing loss and behavioral impairment.
“…After the whole-brain analysis, we selected regions of interest that have been consistently implicated in previous neuroimaging studies relating audition, cognition, and dementia (Li et al, 2017;Ren et al, 2018;Xu X.-M. et al, 2019). To define ROI's, we used the Desikan-Killiany atlas, a gyrus-based atlas (Desikan et al, 2006) that has been commonly employed to explore cortical morphometry (Fornito et al, 2013;Jalbrzikowski et al, 2013).…”
Section: Image Processing and Analysismentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Considering that our study explores audition, cognition, NPS and functional impairment, we looked for the main cortical and subcortical brain areas responsible for the following functions in the literature: (i) temporal cortex (e.g., superior, middle, and inferior gyri) was atrophied in a longitudinal hearing impairment study (Lin et al, 2011); (ii) cingulate cortex has been previously related with presbycusis (Husain, 2016;Belkhiria et al, 2019); (iii) amygdala atrophy has been related with neuropsychiatric symptoms in early AD (Poulin et al, 2011); and (iv) structural and functional changes of the insula have been reported in hearing loss patients (Yang et al, 2014;Li et al, 2017;Ren et al, 2018;Xu X.-M. et al, 2019). Other regions such as the hippocampus, thalamus and accumbens areas were included because of their early affection in AD (ten Kate et al, 2018).…”
Section: Regions Of Interest (Rois)mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Some of these areas, such as the cingulate cortex and the insula, have been shown to be activated during speech understanding of acoustically degraded situations. During these conditions, subjects need to increase their listening effort to comprehend the acoustic information (Sharma and Glick, 2016;Xu X.-M. et al, 2019). The listening effort might increase the cognitive load, deteriorating cognitive processing of non-auditory stimuli in patients with presbycusis (Cardin, 2016;Husain, 2016).…”
Section: Structural Brain Changes Related With Functional Impairment mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The listening effort might increase the cognitive load, deteriorating cognitive processing of non-auditory stimuli in patients with presbycusis (Cardin, 2016;Husain, 2016). Accordingly, a recent study evaluating functional and structural MRI in hearing impaired patients (Xu X.-M. et al, 2019) showed that the functional connections between insula and other brain regions were significantly decreased and associated with emotional and cognitive dysregulation in these patients. In addition, a study in patients with presbycusis and structural MRI showed evidence that a thicker right insula was associated with better speech perception (Ren et al, 2018).…”
Section: Structural Brain Changes Related With Functional Impairment mentioning
Belkhiria et al. Neurobehavioral Impairment in Presbycusis that (i) the neuropsychiatric symptoms had a major effect on functional loss in subjects with presbycusis, (ii) cochlear dysfunction is relevant for the association between hearing loss and behavioral impairment, and (iii) atrophy of the insula and amygdala among other temporal areas are related with hearing loss and behavioral impairment.
“…Other imaging studies in human subjects have shown that sensorineural hearing loss is associated with a widespread decrease in connectivity in multiple functional brain networks involved in decoding or assessing the meaning of the acoustic environment. These networks include auditory cortical regions and the insula, amygdala, and different cerebellar subregions that combine multimodal sensory information with information on internal state [ 171 , 172 , 173 , 174 ]. For some networks, the lack of connectivity further correlates with measures of speech comprehension, as well as general measures of cognitive performance or affective state.…”
Section: Hearing Loss and Social Isolation Have Extra-auditory Effmentioning
For social animals that communicate acoustically, hearing loss and social isolation are factors that independently influence social behavior. In human subjects, hearing loss may also contribute to objective and subjective measures of social isolation. Although the behavioral relationship between hearing loss and social isolation is evident, there is little understanding of their interdependence at the level of neural systems. Separate lines of research have shown that social isolation and hearing loss independently target the serotonergic system in the rodent brain. These two factors affect both presynaptic and postsynaptic measures of serotonergic anatomy and function, highlighting the sensitivity of serotonergic pathways to both types of insult. The effects of deficits in both acoustic and social inputs are seen not only within the auditory system, but also in other brain regions, suggesting relatively extensive effects of these deficits on serotonergic regulatory systems. Serotonin plays a much-studied role in depression and anxiety, and may also influence several aspects of auditory cognition, including auditory attention and understanding speech in challenging listening conditions. These commonalities suggest that serotonergic pathways are worthy of further exploration as potential intervening mechanisms between the related conditions of hearing loss and social isolation, and the affective and cognitive dysfunctions that follow.
Objectives
Facial emotion recognition (FER) is impaired in people with dementia and with severe to profound hearing loss, probably reflecting common neural changes. Here, we aim to study the association between brain structures and FER impairment in mild to moderate age‐related hearing loss participants.
Methods
We evaluated FER in a cross‐sectional cohort of 111 Chilean nondemented elderly participants. They were assessed for FER in seven different categories using 35 facial stimuli. We collected pure‐tone average (PTA) audiometric thresholds, cognitive and neuropsychiatric assessments, and morphometric brain imaging using a 3‐Tesla MRI.
Results
According to PTA threshold levels, participants were classified as controls (≤25 dB, n = 56) or presbycusis (>25 dB, n = 55), with an average PTA of 17.08 ± 4.8 dB HL and 36.27 ± 9.5 dB HL respectively. Poorer total FER score was correlated with worse hearing thresholds (r = −0.23, p < 0.05) in participants with presbycusis. Multiple regression models explained 57 % of the variability of FER in presbycusis and 10% in controls. In both groups, the main determinant of FER was cognitive performance. In the brain structure of presbycusis participants, FER was correlated with the atrophy of the right insula, right hippocampus, bilateral cingulate cortex and multiple areas of the temporal cortex. In controls, FER was only associated with bilateral middle temporal cortex volume.
Conclusions
FER impairment in presbycusis is distinctively associated with atrophy of neural structures engaged in the perceptual and conceptual level of face emotion processing.
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