Indwelling (Transurethral and Suprapubic) Catheters

Newman, Diane K.; Cumbee, Rebecca Patton

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-14821-2_1

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 113 publications

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“…Neglecting to treat UTIs can lead to adverse fetal outcomes which includes low birth weight, fetal growth retardation, premature birth, intrauterine fetal demise, and heightened prenatal mortality and morbidity. Maternal health is also at risk, with potential complications such as preeclampsia, kidney disorders, anemia, septicemia, and adult respiratory distress syndrome (Newman et al, 2018). Physiological changes in the urinary tract during pregnancy, including ureteral dilatation due to progesteroneinduced relaxation of smooth muscles and lower ureter compression by enlarging uterus, as well as the possibility of vesico-urethral reflux, predispose pregnant individuals to a heightened risk of UTIs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial profile, antimicrobial susceptibility pattern and associated risk factors of urinary tract infection among pregnant women attending tertiary care hospital in Rawalpindi

Adeel,

Fahad Ishaq Ameer,

Waqar Habib

et al. 2024

JMMG

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The study objective to enhance treatment effectiveness by assessing risk factors, bacterial profiles, and antimicrobial susceptibility of uropathogens in pregnant women. During the period from March 2023 to August 2023, we examined 210 urine samples obtained frompregnant women. The samples were subjected to uropathogens isolation, identification and susceptibility testing against thirteen antibiotic classes using the Kirby Bauer disk diffusion method, following standard procedures, to identify uropathogens in cases of significant bacteriuria. In our study there is no significant link found between age, educational level, socioeconomic status, and parity in relation to UTI during pregnancy. In 42% of the samples with significant bacteriuria, Escherichia coli emerged as the predominant uropathogens, followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus saprophyticus, and Klebsiella pneumoniae, in that order. E. coli displayed the greatest resistance to ciprofloxacin and ceftazidime, yet demonstrated high susceptibility to meropenem, imipenem, fosfomycin,and amikacin. Furthermore, a significant portion of K. pneumonia isolates exhibited resistance to ceftazidime and ciprofloxacin. For S. saprophytic, resistance was observed against penicillin and gentamicin, although they displayed 100% sensitivity to vancomycin and 81.2% sensitivity to Nitrofurantoin. The current study findings revealed that factors influencing pregnant women's UTI risk, include age, literacy, residence, multigravida, multipara, infection history, and trimester status. Access to clean water sources also played a role, highlighting the importance of addressing these variables in maternal health toreduce UTI incidence. Screening antenatal patients for UTIs is imperative, and it is advisable to conduct regular screenings for pregnant women. This practice helps monitor uropathogens sensitivity patterns and facilitates the development of antibiotic protocols based on local susceptibility data.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial profile, antimicrobial susceptibility pattern and associated risk factors of urinary tract infection among pregnant women attending tertiary care hospital in Rawalpindi

Adeel,

Fahad Ishaq Ameer,

Waqar Habib

et al. 2024

JMMG

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“…About 80% of complicated UTIs are related to indwelling catheters [ 3 ]. Indwelling urinary catheters, which are a closed system consisting of the catheter tubing, a small retention balloon, and a drainage collection bag, are inserted through the urethra or suprapubically to allow for bladder drainage [ 4 ]. Unfortunately, catheter usage, especially prolonged use, often leads to catheter-associated UTIs (CAUTIs) that arise when bacteria enter the urinary tract via insertion of the catheter, or during post-placement manipulation of the catheter or its drainage system [ 5 , 6 , 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urinary Catheters Coated with a Novel Biofilm Preventative Agent Inhibit Biofilm Development by Diverse Bacterial Uropathogens

Navarro

Sherman²,

Colmer-Hamood

et al. 2022

Antibiotics

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Despite the implementation of stringent guidelines for the prevention of catheter-associated (CA) urinary tract infection (UTI), CAUTI remains one of the most common health care-related infections. We previously showed that an antimicrobial/antibiofilm agent inhibited biofilm development by Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial pathogens isolated from human infections. In this study, we examined the ability of a novel biofilm preventative agent (BPA) coating on silicone urinary catheters to inhibit biofilm formation on the catheters by six different bacterial pathogens isolated from UTIs: three Escherichia coli strains, representative of the most common bacterium isolated from UTI; one Enterobacter cloacae, a multidrug-resistant isolate; one Pseudomonas aeruginosa, common among patients with long-term catheterization; and one isolate of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, as both a Gram-positive and a resistant organism. First, we tested the ability of these strains to form biofilms on urinary catheters made of red rubber, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), and silicone using the microtiter plate biofilm assay. When grown in artificial urine medium, which closely mimics human urine, all tested isolates formed considerable biofilms on all three catheter materials. As the biofilm biomass formed on silicone catheters was 0.5 to 1.6 logs less than that formed on rubber or PVC, respectively, we then coated the silicone catheters with BPA (benzalkonium chloride, polyacrylic acid, and glutaraldehyde), and tested the ability of the coated catheters to further inhibit biofilm development by these uropathogens. Compared with the uncoated silicone catheters, BPA-coated catheters completely prevented biofilm development by all the uropathogens, except P. aeruginosa, which showed no reduction in biofilm biomass. To explore the reason for P. aeruginosa resistance to the BPA coating, we utilized two specific lipopolysaccharide (LPS) mutants. In contrast to their parent strain, the two mutants failed to form biofilms on the BPA-coated catheters, which suggests that the composition of P. aeruginosa LPS plays a role in the resistance of wild-type P. aeruginosa to the BPA coating. Together, our results suggest that, except for P. aeruginosa, BPA-coated silicone catheters may prevent biofilm formation by both Gram-negative and Gram-positive uropathogens.

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Indwelling (Transurethral and Suprapubic) Catheters

Cited by 2 publications

References 113 publications

Bacterial profile, antimicrobial susceptibility pattern and associated risk factors of urinary tract infection among pregnant women attending tertiary care hospital in Rawalpindi

Bacterial profile, antimicrobial susceptibility pattern and associated risk factors of urinary tract infection among pregnant women attending tertiary care hospital in Rawalpindi

Urinary Catheters Coated with a Novel Biofilm Preventative Agent Inhibit Biofilm Development by Diverse Bacterial Uropathogens

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