Industry 4.0 through the lenses of technology, strategy, and organization A compilation of case study evidence

Abstract

In the last few years, the management literature has become noisy with Industry 4.0 (I4.0). Although several concepts and typologies intend to make the phenomenon more understandable, these endeavours generally focus on technological aspects or specific issues. Therefore, integrated approaches of the I4.0 transformation on the business side and a comprehensive investigation of this phenomenon on the academic side are still needed. This paper synthetizes the lessons of 15 case studies from five sectors (automotive, FMCG, logistics services, retail, and business services) and places them in a triadic framework of technology, strategy, and organization. The case studies are based on interviews, internal documents and public information. This paper reveals that the analysed companies focus on I4.0 technologies that are substantially related to the development of core activities. Companies in a highly competitive global environment (e.g., automotive industry and business services) are more prepared and progress faster with I4.0 technology implementation.

Felhasználói tapasztalatok Emmával, a vásárlási asszisztens chatbottal

“…Erre alkalmas számítógépes program a chatbot is, mely képes emberi kommunikációt folytatni a felhasználóval emberi beavatkozás nélkül "előre megírt forgatókönyvek és szabályok szerint egy chatfelületen keresztül" (Brandtzaeg & Følstad, 2017;Kenesei & Bognár, 2019, p. 68). A kommunikációs képességekkel rendelke-ző, adaptív, autonóm módon cselekvő intelligens entitások (Bártfai, Faust & Tóth, 2018, p. 2) -ágensek -alkalmazása hatékonynak bizonyul többek között az ügyfélszolgálat (Demeter, Losonci, Marciniak, Nagy & Móricz, 2020;) és a banki szolgáltatások (Horváth, 2020) területén, a marketingkampányokban, valamint a jegyfoglalásban-és értékesítésben (Szűts & Jinil, 2018). Használatuk egyre gyakoribb az e-kereskedelemben is (Capgemini, 2018;Mindbrowser, 2017;Patil, 2019), ugyanis a vállalatok törekednek az eladószemély-…”

The Signs of Digitalization on Food Safety Issues: A Literature Review Focusing on Traceability

“…The concepts of CPS, IoT, cloud, sensors, and blockchain have emerged in the literature concerning the concept of Industry 4.0 (Bibi et al, 2017;Carpenter & Wyman, 2016;Demeter et al, 2020;Keller, Rosenberg, Brettel, & Friederichsen, 2014;Tse et al, 2017;G. Wang, Gunasekaran, Ngai, & Papadopoulos, 2016;Y.…”

“…Wang et al, 2019). The author hypothesizes that the tools presented can be divided into two main parts, hardware, and software (Demeter et al, 2020;Keller et al, 2014). In addition to the tools that make it suitable for tracking, there is also a need for a sphere through which the processes can function (Nagy et al, 2020).…”

“…In addition to other pioneering industries (manufacturing, automotive, SSC (shared service centers), logistics…, etc. ), digitally coordinated methods and tools have emerged within the food industry, such as traceability, which is the focus of the current study (Demeter et al, 2020). In the following, the role of traceability within the food industry will be clarified, and in connection with it, the system of rules behind food safety will be presented.…”

Relationship between social culture, industry 4.0, and organizational performance in the context of emerging economies

“…However, despite the explained antecedents, Industry 4.0 technologies have been applied chiefly for production activities, implemented in companies in developed economies, such as the automotive and service industries (Demeter, Losonci, Marciniak, Nagy, Móricz, Matyusz et al, 2020;Ghobakhloo, 2018). Very little has been done in emerging economies such as the Latin American and Caribbean countries (LAC) (Dalenogare et al, 2018;Frank et al, 2019).…”