Industrialization and the Earnings Gap: Regional and Sectoral Tests of the Goldin-Sokoloff Hypothesis

Craig, Lee A.; Field-Hendrey, Elizabeth

doi:10.1006/exeh.1993.1003

Cited by 12 publications

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“…23 Data from the manufacturing censuses have been used by economic historians to study firm productivity. Craig and Field-Hendrey (1993) used the 1860 census of to compare productivity in Northern and Southern manufacturing to productivity in agriculture. Atack, Bateman, and Margo (2003) used the 1880 census to examine the relationship between output and the length of the working day,…”

Section: And 1860 Census Of Manufacturingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Emergence of Wage Discrimination in U.S. Manufacturing

Burnette

2011

SSRN Journal

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The research program of the Center for Economic Studies (CES) produces a wide range of economic analyses to improve the statistical programs of the U.S. Census Bureau. Many of these analyses take the form of CES research papers. The papers have not undergone the review accorded Census Bureau publications and no endorsement should be inferred. Any opinions and conclusions expressed herein are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent the views of the U.S. Census Bureau. All results have been reviewed to ensure that no confidential information is disclosed. Republication in whole or part must be cleared with the authors. To obtain information about the series, see www.census.gov/ces or contact Cheryl Grim, Editor,

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Section: And 1860 Census Of Manufacturingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Emergence of Wage Discrimination in U.S. Manufacturing

Burnette

2011

SSRN Journal

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“…XII, ‘Report of Mr. Vaughan on the Counties of Kent, Surrey, and Sussex,’ p. 185. For US agriculture in 1860, Craig and Field‐Hendrey, ‘Industrialization and the earnings gap’, estimates the productivity ratio of females relative to males to be 0.61 in the North, and 0.60 for slaves in the South. In manufacturing, the ratio was 0.50 in the North and 0.44 in the South.…”

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The wages and employment of female day‐labourers in English agriculture, 1740–1850¹

Burnette

2004

The Economic History Review

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Using a new sample of farm accounts from 84 farms throughout England, this article provides measures of regional variation and changes over time in female wages and employment in agriculture. Female wages were not fixed, but changed over time and responded to high demand for female labour. The female‐male wage ratio fell between 1750 and 1850, except in the industrial north west. In 1851 approximately 19 per cent of agricultural day‐labourers were female. In the industrial north west, opportunities for factory employment reduced the supply of females to agriculture, but elsewhere the relative demand for female labour in agriculture declined.

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Regional Wage Gaps and the Settlement of the Midwest

Margo

1999

Explorations in Economic History

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Industrialization and the Earnings Gap: Regional and Sectoral Tests of the Goldin-Sokoloff Hypothesis

Cited by 12 publications

References 0 publications

The Emergence of Wage Discrimination in U.S. Manufacturing

The Emergence of Wage Discrimination in U.S. Manufacturing

The wages and employment of female day‐labourers in English agriculture, 1740–1850¹

Regional Wage Gaps and the Settlement of the Midwest

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Industrialization and the Earnings Gap: Regional and Sectoral Tests of the Goldin-Sokoloff Hypothesis

Cited by 12 publications

References 0 publications

The Emergence of Wage Discrimination in U.S. Manufacturing

The Emergence of Wage Discrimination in U.S. Manufacturing

The wages and employment of female day‐labourers in English agriculture, 1740–18501

Regional Wage Gaps and the Settlement of the Midwest

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Product

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About

The wages and employment of female day‐labourers in English agriculture, 1740–1850¹