Industrial Mixing Technology

Foaming in Micellar Solutions: Effects of Surfactant, Salt, and Oil Concentrations

“…The principles of mixing suggest that the size of the bubbles would decrease with decreasing surface tension at a given speed of agitation. 46 This prediction has been observed with surfactant solutions as well. 28,47 The reduction in surface tension with increasing surfactant concentration was rather small (see Figure S2, Supporting Information).…”

Stabilization of Silicone Oil-in-Water Emulsions by Ionic Surfactant and Electrolytes: The Role of Adsorption and Electric Charge at the Interface

“…The initial droplet diameter, d 0 , decreased upon the addition of salt. This is expected because the interfacial tension decreased upon the addition of NaCl (as shown in Figure ) and the droplet diameter decreased with decreasing interfacial tension . Equation fit the data well.…”

“…This is expected because the interfacial tension decreased upon the addition of NaCl (as shown in Figure 6) and the droplet diameter decreased with decreasing interfacial tension. 31 Equation 6 fit the data well. The values of k ̂obtained by linear regression are presented in Table 1.…”

Effect of turbulent kinetic energy dissipation rate on the prediction of droplet size distribution in stirred tanks

“…Several operations in the food, pharmaceutical and chemical industry rely on turbulent dispersions of immiscible liquids. Emulsification, organic synthesis and extractions, among the others, are heavily dependent on the properties of the dispersion which rheology, stability and exchange properties are determined by many factors, one of the most important being the drop size distribution (DSD) of the disperse phase (Afshar Ghotli et al, 2013;Leng and Calabrese, 2016). The DSD, in fact, has an important role in governing the fluid dynamics and the inter-phase mass transfer in the equipment, that in turn usually affect the performances of the whole operation (Afshar Ghotli et al, 2013;Drumm et al, 2009;Maaß et al, 2012).…”