Industrial Applications and Perspectives

Stabilities of bis(thienyl)ethenes in polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) coatings as absorbance modulation layers for nanoscale imaging

“…12 Functional groups such as SF 5 or CF 3 were identified as stabilizing substituents, 13 and the same is true for additional methyl groups in the β-positions of the thiophene units. 14 In addition, BTEs possessing benzothiophene moieties are considered more stable than BTEs with thiophene rings. 15 Fig.…”

Bridged-Imidazole Dimer Exhibiting Three-State Negative Photochromism with a Single Photochromic Unit

“…They have gained a lot of attention in various fields of research because of their ability to reversibly switch between different states. Ongoing research continues to advance the development of new types of photochromic molecules. − Several applications of photoswitches have been reported in the fields of chemical and biological research, including macroscopic bending, fluorescence switching, surface polarity, electrical conductivity, catalytic activity, dynamic holography, and biological function switching. − The simplest types of photochromic compounds are bistable compounds; they can switch between two different isomers by exposure to light. Bistable photochromic compounds are the fundamental building blocks of more complex systems that exhibit multiple states of photochromism.…”

Supramolecular inclusion complexes of β-cyclodextrin with bathochromic-shifted photochromism and photomodulable fluorescence enable multiple applications

“…The two typical features of photochromic materials are color changes and absorption spectra alteration when exposed to light, which endow them with important technological applications, such as protection, displays, optical sensors, electronic papers, anti-counterfeiting, and so on. 1–18 Among various organic photochromic families, viologen (1,1′-disubstituted 4,4′-bipyridinium dication) derived photochromic materials are particularly attractive not only because of their excellent thermostability and reversibility, but also because of their photochromic mechanism of photo-induced electron transfer, which does not cause significant geometric change and large volume change during the photochromic process. 19,20 Over the past decade, a great deal of viologens have been synthesized and used to develop photochromic systems.…”