Industrial Application Aspects of the Electrochemical Reduction of CO₂ to CO in Aqueous Electrolyte

Abstract

The industrialization of the electrochemical reduction of CO 2 toward CO in aqueous electrolytes has recently been started using silver-based gas diffusion electrodes. The performance of a CO 2 -to-CO electrolyzer model on a 10-cm 2 cell size is assessed with respect to operating pressure, achievable current density at faradaic efficiency of CO above 90 %, composition of gas streams and operational lifetime. Operational lifetime has exceeded 1500 h. The first scaling step to 300 cm 2 has been accomplished. The rated power of such a cell is around 300 W.

Electrochemical CO2 Reduction: Tailoring Catalyst Layers in Gas Diffusion Electrodes

“…ionomer layer, the performance with respect to current densities and overpotentials, reaching 30 mA cm −2 at −1.4 V versus RHE is insufficient for any industrial application. [ 61 ]…”

Transition metal-based catalysts for the electrochemical CO2reduction: from atoms and molecules to nanostructured materials

“…186 The structure of the latter is reminiscent of the highly active Fe porphyrin systems containing positively charged pendant groups. 112,[137][138][139] Remarkably, porous films of 37 with carbon black or MWCNTs on carbon paper showed an excellent stability and nearly quantitative selectivity to CO in a wide range of pH (4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14). At neutral pH, 37 was found to outperform CoPc (33), resulting in an average current density of ca.…”

“…[2][3][4] Among the proposed approaches, the electrochemical conversion of CO 2 powered by renewable sources is an attractive sustainable alternative to the massive utilization of fossil resources. [5][6][7][8] It can occur at ambient conditions and the efficiency of the process can be potentially controlled by the applied bias. Furthermore, this strategy is compatible with an on-site production of a wide variety of organic C 1 -and C 2 -building blocks from a non-toxic, abundant and inexpensive greenhouse gas, mitigating the limitations related to their storage and distribution (especially for toxic gaseous products, like CO).…”

Effect of the Nanostructured Zn/Cu Electrocatalyst Morphology on the Electrochemical Reduction of CO2 to Value-Added Chemicals

“…Among the different CO 2 conversion routes, electrochemical reduction of CO 2 (CO 2 RR) using electricity from renewable energies is one of the best currently available technologies that can meet the energy demand for CO 2 reduction by low-carbon and low-cost electricity. A variety of carbon-containing products, such as formate, carbon monoxide, methane, and alcohol, can be derived from CO 2 RR in aqueous electrolytes [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 ]. Carbon monoxide (CO) is an interesting product of this process because it can be used as a reactant for the Fischer–Tropsch process to produce hydrocarbon fuels and chemicals [ 5 , 6 ].…”