The fractional socio-economic areas on the coastal territories of Pacific Russia are outlined according to the peculiarities of the formation of settlements development potential. Within the fractional districts, settlements serve as centers of socio-economic development, where the main demographic, infrastructural and economic potentials are concentrated. The integrity of the fractional districts is ensured by the similarity of development potentials and by links formed between the elements of production and technological structures. The demographic, infrastructural and economic potentials of settlements within fractional economic areas, should provide sustainable development of the economy and a high quality standards of the population living.