Industrial and Agricultural Sources and Pathways of Aquatic Pollution

Voulvoulis, Nikolaos; Georges, Karyn

doi:10.4018/978-1-4666-9559-7.ch002

Cited by 18 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…In recent years, EPA has attempted to advance the state-of-the-science related to asbestos and other elongated mineral particles, especially as it relates to the process and mechanisms to determine mobility of asbestos in sediment and soil, and its release to air. A key finding from this and other recent research is that in certain situations, the exposures resulting from releases of asbestos contaminated sediments and soils can lead to elevated human health risks [ 2 , 3 ]. Because of the risks to human health, it is important to be able to accurately detect and quantify the presence of asbestos in soils and sediments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Comparison of soil sampling and analytical methods for asbestos at the Sumas Mountain Asbestos Site—Working towards a toolbox for better assessment

et al. 2017

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Established soil sampling methods for asbestos are inadequate to support risk assessment and risk-based decision making at Superfund sites due to difficulties in detecting asbestos at low concentrations and difficulty in extrapolating soil concentrations to air concentrations. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)’s Office of Land and Emergency Management (OLEM) currently recommends the rigorous process of Activity Based Sampling (ABS) to characterize site exposures. The purpose of this study was to compare three soil analytical methods and two soil sampling methods to determine whether one method, or combination of methods, would yield more reliable soil asbestos data than other methods. Samples were collected using both traditional discrete (“grab”) samples and incremental sampling methodology (ISM). Analyses were conducted using polarized light microscopy (PLM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) methods or a combination of these two methods. Data show that the fluidized bed asbestos segregator (FBAS) followed by TEM analysis could detect asbestos at locations that were not detected using other analytical methods; however, this method exhibited high relative standard deviations, indicating the results may be more variable than other soil asbestos methods. The comparison of samples collected using ISM versus discrete techniques for asbestos resulted in no clear conclusions regarding preferred sampling method. However, analytical results for metals clearly showed that measured concentrations in ISM samples were less variable than discrete samples.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Comparison of soil sampling and analytical methods for asbestos at the Sumas Mountain Asbestos Site—Working towards a toolbox for better assessment

et al. 2017

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“…This is due to the health implication of their presence since they are not required for any function either by plants or animals. PAHs can either be synthetic or occur naturally (found in the air, water and soil) [30]. As population and technology increases and improves, there is also an indirect increase in environmental pollution causing a continuing and accelerating decline in the quality of the environment and its ability to sustain life.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) contamination of soils and water around automobile repair workshops in Eket metropolis, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria

2019

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Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are very toxic and persistent environmental contaminants. The paper is aimed at investigating the PAHs levels in soil collected at 0-30 cm depths from 5 automobile repair workshops within Eket metropolis/the underground water around its vicinity. The soils and water were prepared in the laboratory following standard procedures and were analysed for 16 US EPA priority PAHs using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometer (GC-MS). Total PAHs concentrations in soil (Ʃ16 EPA PAHs) from all sampling sites were in the range of 0.82-12.98 mg/ kg and 0.47-14.85 mg/kg for both dry and rainy seasons respectively and did not follow regular pattern with depth. Total PAHs concentrations in underground water from all sampling sites were in the range of 1.71-16.07 mg/l and 1.07-12.97 mg/l for both dry and rainy seasons respectively. According to European commission contamination classification and WHO maximum permissible limit for PAHs in drinking water (0.002 mg/l), the sites are said to be moderately to heavily contaminated. The total BaPeq for the soil and water samples indicated a moderate carcinogenic burden and hence low health risk. The calculated values obtained from diagnostic ratios shows that the PAHs in this study were from both pyrogenic and petrogenic sources. The correlation between total PAHs concentration in soil and water for both seasons indicated that the automobile repair activities had a moderate effect on the soil as well as the underground water around it. Therefore, boreholes should not be sited close to automobile repair yards to enable its suitability for domestic, irrigation and recreational usage.

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“…Power plants, nuclear reactors and other industries use lots of water for cooling purposes. Discharge of hot water may increase the temperature of the receiving lakes and rivers and cause thermal pollution, which adversely affects aquatic life (Voulvoulis and Georges, 2016). Eutrophication or the enrichment of water with nutrients from domestic waste, agricultural runoff, and land drainage may result in the sudden death of large populations of fish and other aquatic organisms and make the water unfit for human use (Van Beusekom, 2018).…”

Section: Atmosphere Deterioration: Ozone Depletionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A typology of sources, manifestations, and implications of environmental degradation

Yeganeh

2020

MEQ

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to conceptualize and classify sources, manifestations and implications of environmental degradation. Design/methodology/approach First, the typological analysis is used to conceptualize environmental degradation and its components. Then, the concepts are disaggregated into some dimensions organized in row-and-column variables and a cross-tabulated matrix is constructed. Finally, different types of environmental degradation are identified, labeled and discussed. Findings The study distinguishes between two types of degradation as pollution and deterioration and accordingly identifies ten types (five pairs) of environmental degradation. Furthermore, the paper presents a conceptual framework and offers insights into the dynamic interchange between the causes and effects of environmental degradation. Originality/value The originality/value of this study resides in reducing the ambiguities associated with the concept of environmental degradation and offering a multidimensional framework that can be used in empirical research to organize propositions, test hypotheses, analyze data and construct indexes.

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Industrial and Agricultural Sources and Pathways of Aquatic Pollution

Cited by 18 publications

References 41 publications

Comparison of soil sampling and analytical methods for asbestos at the Sumas Mountain Asbestos Site—Working towards a toolbox for better assessment

Comparison of soil sampling and analytical methods for asbestos at the Sumas Mountain Asbestos Site—Working towards a toolbox for better assessment

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) contamination of soils and water around automobile repair workshops in Eket metropolis, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria

A typology of sources, manifestations, and implications of environmental degradation

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