Industria Eléctrica en México: Tensión Entre El Estado Y El Mercado

Padilla, Víctor Rodríguez

doi:10.1016/j.rpd.2015.11.001

Cited by 5 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The power sector and its public utilities in Mexico have historically been linked to energy nationalism. Mexico nationalised the power industry in 1960, and the electricity public service was vertically integrated for decades 61 . The state monopoly consisted of two public utilities: the Federal Electricity Commission (CFE) in charge of the production and distribution of electricity for almost all federal states, and the Power and Light Company of Central Mexico (LyFC) concentrating on Mexico City and its surroundings 62 .…”

Section: Critical Failure Of Energy Policy In Mexicomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In practice a hybrid unique buyer model was introduced, where private generators could generate power for their own consumption or sell it to state-owned companies 61 . Vargas 66 argues that the Mexican government promoted the 'foreignization' of the sector for years with the argument that public utilities didn't possess enough resources to invest in new generation capacity.…”

Section: Critical Failure Of Energy Policy In Mexicomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Given that private generators invest mainly in renewable energy 68 , these legal changes constituted both the inception of energy transition in Mexico and the origin of an energy crisis that would transform Mexico's electric power system. Over the years, the model benefiting private generated an imbalance in the technical and financial operations of public utilities 61,64 . In 2000, private producers represented 10.7% of the installed capacity, and this figure grew up to 35.2% in 2008 69 .…”

Section: Critical Failure Of Energy Policy In Mexicomentioning

confidence: 99%

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Policy failures and energy transitions: the regulatory bricolage for the promotion of renewable energy in Mexico and Chile

Natorski

Solorio

2023

npj Clim. Action

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Latin American and Caribbean countries experience energy transitions in the context of crises affecting power electric systems. This article shows that policy failure recognition constitutes a window of opportunity for regulatory reforms supporting the diffusion of renewable energy. This argument is illustrated with the cases of Mexico and Chile, both of which are regional leaders in renewable energy after policy reforms. In both cases, policy failures were key drivers of energy transition since they mobilised different actors in the pursuit of policy changes. However, policy responses depended on how different policy failures were interpreted as the origins and solutions to perceived energy crises. This study distinguishes between critical and ordinary policy failures. In the case of a critical failure, dominant policy ideas are placed under contest; whereas, in an ordinary policy failure, the normative underpinning of the policy remains valid, and it fails only in implementation. Because policy change in the energy sector is incremental, reactions to failures lead to a policy bricolage combining novel and older policy goals and instruments. This process shifts the balance in the prioritisation of the energy trilemma components (energy equity, security of supply, and environmental sustainability).

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Section: Critical Failure Of Energy Policy In Mexicomentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Critical Failure Of Energy Policy In Mexicomentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Critical Failure Of Energy Policy In Mexicomentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Policy failures and energy transitions: the regulatory bricolage for the promotion of renewable energy in Mexico and Chile

Natorski

Solorio

2023

npj Clim. Action

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“…En el noreste de Brasil, el 57 % de la energía que llega a los hogares de 50 000 000 de personas proviene de fuentes eólicas (Fornillo 2021;Rodrigues et al 2018;Regueiro y Chavez 2014). Por el contrario, la modalidad de autoabastecimiento predominante en México privilegia la generación de energía eólica por y para empresas privadas de gran capital (CEMEX, Nestlé, Wal-Mart y Bimbo) (Juárez-Hernández y León 2014; Rodríguez Padilla 2016;SE-NER 2016). No es de sorprenderse que esa carencia en el diseño de la política pública haya ocasionado conflictos con las comunidades donde se instalan las turbinas.…”

Section: )unclassified

Potencial social y ambiental de la industria eólica para una transición energética en América Latina

Cancino¹,

García²

2021

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Brasil, México y Uruguay han adoptado la energía eólica como estrategia para combatir el cambio climático. Sin embargo, sus experiencias son distintas y se encuentran poco documentadas. Este artículo analiza las ventajas y desventajas de la industria eólica con miras a su futura expansión en América Latina. La metodología consiste en sistematizar y analizar la bibliografía existente en castellano, portugués e inglés. Se identificaron cuatro ventajas de la energía eólica (baja huella de carbono, reducidos costos de producción, creación de empleos e ingresos por renta de tierras) y cinco desventajas (pérdida de cobertura forestal, impacto en aves y fuentes de agua, contaminación por derrames de aceite y desechos y afectaciones a la salud). Los desafíos de política pública para la región son: fomentar la investigación sobre los daños socioambientales de la energía eólica y diseñar herramientas para mitigarlos; desarrollar la cadena completa de suministros de manufactura e insumos mediante la innovación tecnológica; repartir equitativamente los beneficios de la industria eólica entre la población local y priorizar la necesidad pública de electricidad, por encima de intereses privados. Mientras estos desafíos no sean asumidos plenamente, los proyectos eólicos seguirán formando parte de una estructura hegemónica que se autoproclama como la solución al cambio climático, pero que sigue manteniendo una lógica extractivista que no beneficia a la población. Abstract Brazil, Mexico and Uruguay have adopted wind energy as a means to fight climate change. However, their experiences are different and insufficiently documented. This paper analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of the wind industry in light of its future expansion in Latin America. The methodology consists of the systematization and analysis of literature written in Spanish, Portuguese and English. Four advantages and five disadvantages were identified. The advantages are wind energy’s reduced carbon footprint, low production costs, the potential for job creation and income from land rentals, while the disadvantages are possible vegetation loss, impact on birds and water sources, oil and waste contamination and health damage. The challenges for public policy are: supporting research on the socioenvironmental impacts of the wind industry and designing tools for their mitigation; developing a full supply chain of materials through technological innovation; distributing the benefits of wind energy equally among the local population, and prioritizing public needs of electricity above the interest of the private sector. If these challenges are not fully met, wind energy projects will be part of a hegemonic structure that claims to solve the problems created by climate change, while in fact continuing to use an extractivist logic, incapable of benefitting people.

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“…In the electricity sector, dismantling the state monopoly began in 1992, when legal reforms began promoting private participation in power-generation activities (Vargas 2010). Afterwards, this trend reached a crucial point with the ratification of the 2014 Energy Reform, extending the possibilities of private participation in generation, transmission, distribution and commercialization activities (Padilla 2016), including particular measures to promote private actors in the renewable electricity sector (PwC 2014).…”

Section: Structural Reforms and Wind Energy In Mexicomentioning

confidence: 99%

Contesting energy transitions: wind power and conflicts in the Isthmus of Tehuantepec

Avila

2017

Journal of Political Ecology

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This article studies the expansion of large-scale wind energy projects on the Isthmus of Tehuantepec (Mexico) and local socio-environmental conflicts that have emerged in response. It explores how the neoliberal agenda in Mexico is shaping a specific way of implementing wind energy projects, and how this is leading to local resistance and the production of alternatives. The article is based on a historical analysis reconstructing the main features of wind power development, and pathways of struggle. By following a political ecology perspective, wind energy is seen as embedded in a wider frame of power relations and the uneven patterns of the Mexican economy. The struggles of indigenous groups are thus analyzed as the expression of peripheral communities against the enclosure of communal lands, the private appropriation of benefits, and the lack of democratic procedures involved in these projects. The discussion emphasizes the role of communal identities and institutions in building successful networks, while introducing new concepts (energy sovereignty) and alternative schemes in wind power production (cooperatives). The overall approach of the article is that any move towards a different energy system should be politically encouraged by social and cultural means, rather than be largely economically motivated. Keywords: wind energy, neoliberalism, socio-environmental conflicts, energy sovereignty, cooperatives, Tehuantepec RésuméCet article interroge l'expansion des projets d'énergie éolienne à grande échelle sur l'isthme de Tehuantepec (Mexique) et les conflits socio-environnementaux locaux qui ont émergé en réponse. Il explore comment l'agenda néolibéral au Mexique met en forme une manière spécifique de mettre en oeuvre des projets d'énergie éolienne, et comment cela conduit à la résistance locale et à la production d'alternatives. L'article est basé sur une analyse historique qui reconstruit les principales caractéristiques du développement de l'énergie éolienne et sa résistance. En suivant une perspective d'écologie politique, l'énergie éolienne est considérée comme intégrée dans un cadre plus large de relations de pouvoir et les modèles inégaux de l'économie mexicaine. Les luttes des groupes indigènes sont donc analysées comme l'expression des communautés périphériques contre l'enclos des terres communales, l'appropriation privée des bénéfices et l'absence de procédures démocratiques impliquées dans ces projets. La discussion met l'accent sur le rôle des identités et des institutions communautaires dans la mise en place et l'exploitation réussies de leurs réseaux, tout en introduisant de nouveaux concepts (souveraineté énergétique) et des programmes alternatifs dans la production d'énergie éolienne (coopératives). L'approche globale de l'article est que tout mouvement vers un système énergétique différent devrait être politiquement encouragé par des moyens sociaux et culturels, plutôt que d'être extrêmement motivé économiquement (comme actuellement). Mots-clés: énergie éolienne, néolibéralisme, conf...

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Industria Eléctrica en México: Tensión Entre El Estado Y El Mercado

Cited by 5 publications

References 4 publications

Policy failures and energy transitions: the regulatory bricolage for the promotion of renewable energy in Mexico and Chile

Policy failures and energy transitions: the regulatory bricolage for the promotion of renewable energy in Mexico and Chile

Potencial social y ambiental de la industria eólica para una transición energética en América Latina

Contesting energy transitions: wind power and conflicts in the Isthmus of Tehuantepec

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