Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry A Review

Kawaguchi, Hiroshi

doi:10.2116/analsci.4.339

Cited by 22 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Inductively coupled argon plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) is a highly sensitive and increasingly used technique for elemental analysis (16)(17)(18)(19). In the present study, we combined a hydride generation technique with ICP-MS to determine methylated germanium species as well as inorganic germanium at sub-pg levels (sub ng L"1 levels in concentration) with minimum sample treatment, a sample size of less than 10 mL, and an analysis time of about 10 min for a measurement.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of germanium species by hydride generation-inductively coupled argon plasma mass spectrometry

Jin¹,

Shibata²,

Morita³

1991

Anal. Chem.

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Inorganic and methylated germanium species were determlned at sub parts per trllllon levels by a comblnatlon of hydrlde generatlon and Inductively coupled argon plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The germanium species In solution were reduced to the correspondlng hydrides by sodium tetrahydroborate, transferred with a helium gas stream, and trapped In a liquid nitrogen cooled U-trap. The hydrides were evaporated and introduced into the ICP torch, and the Ion count at m / z = 74 was monitored. The reduction efficiencies for methylated germanium species in a malic acid matrix were more than 97 % . The absolute detection limits were 0.08 pg of Ge for lnorganlc germanlum (Ge,), 0.1 pg of Ge for monomethylgermanium (MMGe) and dlmethylgermanium (DMGe), and 0.09 pg of Ge for trimethylgermanium (TMGe). The dynamic ranges of the detection span 4 orders of magnitude. The proposed method was applied to natural waters and wastewaters, and Ge,, MMGe and DMGe were detected In all of the samples studied. INTRODUCTIONChemical speciation of elements is indispensable to an understanding of the biological cycles of some elements in the environment (I). Recent studies have revealed that germanium in natural waters exists as both inorganic and organic chemical species a t sub-ng to ng L-' levels (2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9). Two organogermanium species, monomethylgermanium (MMGe) and dimethylgermanium (DMGe), have been identified in natural waters by methods based on the hydride generation technique (5-7), and it should be noted that MMGe is the major germanium species in seawater. However, information on or-

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of germanium species by hydride generation-inductively coupled argon plasma mass spectrometry

Jin¹,

Shibata²,

Morita³

1991

Anal. Chem.

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“…99 Tc with a long half-life of 2.14 × 10 5 y and relatively high fission yield can be found in the environment and it is important to explore the distribution and behavior of 99 Tc in the environment. The conventional methods [45,46] including the liquid scintillation counting method [47] has several disadvantages and therefore inductively coupled plasma -mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), can be used for the determination of most of the elements including long-lived radionuclides [48][49][50][51][52][53]. The post-irradiation examination of nuclear fuels gives knowledge of the inventories of actinides, fission and neutron activation products within irradiated fuels.…”

Section: Applications In Nuclear Industrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Mass Spectrometry: A Boon to Nuclear Industry

Ramkumar¹

2014

J Anal Bioanal Tech

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What is Mass Spectrometry?Mass spectrometry is analytical instrument which has been used for more than a century with its initial work on mass charge ratio being carried out by W. Wien, J.J. Thomson, and other physicists [1]. Mass Spectroscopy is an analytical laboratory technique to separate the components of a sample by their mass. The sample is vaporized into a gas and then ionized. The ions are then accelerated through a potential difference and focused into a beam. The ion beam passes through a magnetic field which bends the charged stream. Lighter components or components with more ionic charge will deflect in the field more than heavier or less charged components. A detector counts the number of ions at different deflections and the data can be plotted as a 'spectrum' of different masses. Therefore it is clear that mass spectrometer performs a simple measurement that of mass. The earlier work in the measurement of mass had led to the discovery of isotopes and it was in the 1930s that these measurements were correlated to the chemical structures and therefore were used extensively for biological applications for the characterization of natural products. Further progress in the field of mass spectrometry including isotopic labeling methods, hyphenated techniques and softer ionization methods made it an ideal tool for the analysis of macromolecules [2]. With the various fields that employ mass spectrometry growing in number, nuclear industry is also an important area wherein applications of mass spectrometry exist. Chronological Development in Mass spectrometryThe earliest mass spectrometry was in 1897 with the discovery of electrons made by J.J.Thomson. Around 1919, the observation studies of isotopes using mass spectrometry were carried out by F.W. Aston created a mass spectrometer in which ions were dispersed by mass and focused by velocity. This design improved the mass spectrometer resolving power by an order of magnitude compared to that achieved by AbstractMass spectrometry is a versatile technique that is used for the determination of elements at the trace and ultratrace level along with the isotope ratios. The accuracy in the quantification of isotope ratios of radionuclides is essential for environmental monitoring, migration studies, dating, determination of burn-up of fuel, nuclear material accounting and radioactive waste control. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) is advantageous due to its outstanding sensitivity, precision and good accuracy for isotope ratio measurements and enhanced figures of merit for the determination of isotope ratio measurements. These advantages can be enhanced by various other variations of ICP-MS like the use of a multiple ion collector device (MC-ICP-MS). The review gives an idea of the various applications in the nuclear field and touches upon some of the important elements used in nuclear industry.

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“…(so-called memory effects), should be taken into consideration. 3 Determination of Neptunium-237 in Environmental Samples…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry to the Measurement of Long-Lived Radionuclides in Environmental Samples A Review

Igarashi

Kim

Takaku³

et al. 1990

ANAL. SCI.

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This review describes applications of inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) to the determination of long-lived radionuclides in environmental samples. Simultaneous determination of 232Th and 238U in biological samples is described in detail; in this procedure an internal standard, Tl or Bi, is adopted for correction of the matrix effect. Determination of 237Np in soil samples by ICP-MS is also described. It is chemically separated to ensure no interference from matrix elements. The detection limits are several mBq (several pg) for the case of radionuclides having a half life of thirty or forty thousand years.

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Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry A Review

Cited by 22 publications

References 39 publications

Determination of germanium species by hydride generation-inductively coupled argon plasma mass spectrometry

Determination of germanium species by hydride generation-inductively coupled argon plasma mass spectrometry

Mass Spectrometry: A Boon to Nuclear Industry

Application of Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry to the Measurement of Long-Lived Radionuclides in Environmental Samples A Review

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