Induction of Transgene Suppression in Plants via External Application of Synthetic dsRNA

Dubrovina, Alexandra S.; Aleynova, Olga A.; Kalachev, Alexander V.; Suprun, Andrey R.; Ogneva, Zlata V.; Kiselev, Konstantin V.

doi:10.3390/ijms20071585

Cited by 54 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Suppression of root growth, seed germination, and failure of bolt or flower were detected along with silencing of the targeted genes (Li et al , ). Besides suppression of plant endogenous genes, a number of studies have demonstrated that direct application of dsRNAs can effectively silence transgenes such as GFP or YFP in plants (Dubrovina et al , ).…”

Section: Transportation Pathways Of Small Rnas In Plants and Fungimentioning

confidence: 99%

Movement of small RNAs in and between plants and fungi

Wang

Dean

2020

Molecular Plant Pathology

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RNA interference is a biological process whereby small RNAs inhibit gene expression through neutralizing targeted mRNA molecules. This process is conserved in eukaryotes. Here, recent work regarding the mechanisms of how small RNAs move within and between organisms is examined. Small RNAs can move locally and systemically in plants through plasmodesmata and phloem, respectively. In fungi, transportation of small RNAs may also be achieved by septal pores and vesicles. Recent evidence also supports bidirectional cross‐kingdom communication of small RNAs between host plants and adapted fungal pathogens to affect the outcome of infection. We discuss several mechanisms for small RNA trafficking and describe evidence for transport through naked form, combined with RNA‐binding proteins or enclosed by vesicles.

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Section: Transportation Pathways Of Small Rnas In Plants and Fungimentioning

confidence: 99%

Movement of small RNAs in and between plants and fungi

Wang

Dean

2020

Molecular Plant Pathology

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“…RNAi has been used to create a number of valuable traits in plants, and there is great potential for future applications to crop improvement (Frizzi and Huang 2010). Recently, plants have been shown to respond to RNA applied topically to leaf surfaces (Dalakouras et al 2016;Mitter et al 2017;Huang et al 2018;Niehl et al 2018;Sammons et al 2018;Dubrovina et al 2019), and this delivery route would expand the opportunities for using RNAi for agronomic benefit. In addition, topical delivery of sRNAs to plant cells provides a tool that can be used to investigate details of the RNAi mechanisms in plants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Topically delivered 22 nt siRNAs enhance RNAi silencing of endogenous genes in two species

Hendrix

Zheng

Bauer

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Abstract22 nt miRNAs or siRNAs have been shown to specifically induce production of transitive (secondary) siRNAs for targeted mRNAs. An abrasion method to deliver dsRNAs into leaf cells of intact plants was used to investigate the activities of 21 and 22 nt siRNAs in silencing genes in Nicotiana benthamiana and Amaranthus cruentus. We confirmed that both 21 and 22 nt siRNAs were able to silence a green fluorescent protein (GFP) transgene in treated leaves of N. benthamiana, but systemic silencing of GFP occurred only when the guide strand contained 22 nt. Silencing in the treated leaves of N. benthamiana was demonstrated for 3 endogenous genes: magnesium cheletase subunit I (CHL-I), magnesium cheletase subunit H (CHL-H), and GUN4. However, systemic silencing of these endogenous genes was not observed. Very high levels of transitive siRNAs were produced for GFP in response to treatment with 22 nt siRNAs, but only low levels were produced in response to a 21 nt siRNA. The endogenous genes tested also had more transitive siRNAs produced in response to 22 nt siRNAs, but the response varied from weak (CHL-I) to strong (CHL-H). 22 nt siRNAs produced greater local silencing phenotypes than 21 nt siRNAs for GFP, CHL-H and GUN4 in N. benthamiana. The special activity of 22 nt siRNAs in producing a greater local phenotype and induction of elevated levels of transitive siRNAs was also shown in A. cruentus for the CHL-H gene. These experiments suggest a functional role for transitive siRNAs in amplifying the RNAi response.

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“…dsRNAs targeted at virus replicase or coat protein genes was found to delay the development of disease, reduce infection symptoms and the number of infected plants, and decrease the virus titer [28,65]. In addition, it was confirmed that the protective effect induced by dsRNA or hpRNA lingers for at least 20-70 days after inoculation of the virus [72,98].…”

Section: Methods For Delivery Of Artificial Double-stranded Rnas In Pmentioning

confidence: 85%

Double-Stranded RNAs in Plant Protection Against Pathogenic Organisms and Viruses in Agriculture

et al. 2019

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Recent studies have shown that plants are able to express the artificial genes responsible for the synthesis of double-stranded RNAs (dsRNAs) and hairpin double-stranded RNAs (hpRNAs), as well as uptake and process exogenous dsRNAs and hpRNAs to suppress the gene expression of plant pathogenic viruses, fungi, or insects. Both endogenous and exogenous dsRNAs are processed into small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) that can spread locally and systemically through the plant, enter pathogenic microorganisms, and induce RNA interference-mediated pathogen resistance in plants. There are numerous examples of the development of new biotechnological approaches to plant protection using transgenic plants and exogenous dsRNAs. This review summarizes new data on the use of transgenes and exogenous dsRNAs for the suppression of fungal and insect virulence genes, as well as viruses to increase the resistance of plants to these pathogens. We also analyzed the current ideas about the mechanisms of dsRNA processing and transport in plants.

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Induction of Transgene Suppression in Plants via External Application of Synthetic dsRNA

Cited by 54 publications

References 49 publications

Movement of small RNAs in and between plants and fungi

Movement of small RNAs in and between plants and fungi

Topically delivered 22 nt siRNAs enhance RNAi silencing of endogenous genes in two species

Double-Stranded RNAs in Plant Protection Against Pathogenic Organisms and Viruses in Agriculture

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