Induction of the Sexual Cycle in Filamentous Ascomycetes

Houbraken, Jos; Dyer, Paul S.

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-10503-1_2

Cited by 15 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 92 publications

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“…Although some indirect evidence for the occurrence of sexual reproduction was observed in some Penicillium species (Ropars et al., ), only a minority of species produced these typical sexual structures (Bohm et al., ; Ropars et al., ; Visagie et al., ). For most fungi, it is more difficult to produce a sexual state under laboratory conditions than in nature, because the artificial incubation conditions can block their interaction with other mating types (Houbraken and Dyer, ). It is also not uncommon for strains to lose the ability to reproduce sexually like P. brefeldianum (CBS 235.81), which has been observed to produce a sexual stage but not under laboratory conditions (Visagie et al., ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Penicillium section Lanata‐divaricata from acidic soil

Diao

Chen

Jiang³

et al. 2018

Cladistics

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Penicillium species in section Lanata-divaricata are common soil-inhabiting fungi, but their presence in acidic soil has rarely been investigated. In an ongoing survey of Penicillium species occurring in China, 465 strains were isolated from soil, and of which 60 belonged to section Lanata-divaricata. The majority of these strains were isolated from acidic soil. The phylogenetic relationship between these 60 isolates and accepted species of section Lanata-divaricata was studied using ITS, BenA, CaM and RPB2 sequences, which revealed the presence of seven accepted species and 13 novel lineages. Combining phylogenetic data with data generated during macro-and microscopic observations resulted in the description of 13 new species. The growth rate of the new species obtained in this study was determined under acidic, neutral and alkaline conditions (pH 4, 7, 10). With the exception of P. hainanense, which was not able to grow at pH 10, all strains were able to grow at the three examined pH levels. Eleven species (i.e. P. austrosinense, P. flaviroseum, P. globosum, P. griseoflavum, P. hainanense, P. jianfenglingense, P. laevigatum, P. rubriannulatum, P. soliforme, P. spinuliferum, P. yunnanense) grew faster at low pH (pH 4) than at pH 7 or 10, and these species are therefore referred to as acidpreferential. Penicillium viridissimum grew fastest on neutral medium and P. guangxiense grew best at pH 10, and is therefore considered to be acid-tolerant. By isolating strains from a unique environment, combined with targeted isolation using a well-designed protocol, we are able to describe new fungal diversity with specific physiological characteristics.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Penicillium section Lanata‐divaricata from acidic soil

Diao

Chen

Jiang³

et al. 2018

Cladistics

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“…Microscopic observations of compatible isolates on WA indicated that the hyphae of individuals of opposite mating-types interwove and produced a coherent hyphal matrix; thus, a lack of physical association of opposite mating-types was discounted as a reason for the absence of pseudothecia. Furthermore, conditions of incubation covered a range of conditions used to produce pseudothecia in closely related species (Chilvers et al 2009;Houbraken and Dyer 2014). Thus, the sexual morph is proposed to be induced under highly specific environmental conditions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mating-Type Gene Structure and Spatial Distribution ofDidymella tanacetiin Pyrethrum Fields

et al. 2016

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Tan spot of pyrethrum (Tanacetum cinerariifolium) is caused by the ascomycete Didymella tanaceti. To assess the evolutionary role of ascospores in the assumed asexual species, the structure and arrangement of mating-type (MAT) genes were examined. A single MAT1-1 or MAT1-2 idiomorph was identified in all isolates examined, indicating that the species is heterothallic. The idiomorphs were flanked upstream and downstream by regions encoding pyridoxamine phosphate oxidase-like and DNA lyase-like proteins, respectively. A multiplex MAT-specific polymerase chain reaction assay was developed and used to genotype 325 isolates collected within two transects in each of four fields in Tasmania, Australia. The ratio of isolates of each mating-type in each transect was consistent with a 1:1 ratio. The spatial distribution of the isolates of the two mating-types within each transect was random for all except one transect for MAT1-1 isolates, indicating that clonal patterns of each mating-type were absent. However, evidence of a reduced selection pressure on MAT1-1 isolates was observed, with a second haplotype of the MAT1-1-1 gene identified in 4.4% of MAT1-1 isolates. In vitro crosses between isolates with opposite mating-types failed to produce ascospores. Although the sexual morph could not be induced, the occurrence of both mating-types in equal frequencies suggested that a cryptic sexual mode of reproduction may occur within field populations.

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“…Besides the identification of the genes, the availability of genome sequences allows the design of mating-type specific primers, which can be used to rapidly distinguish opposite mating-type strains. Therefore, targeted crossings between opposite mating-type strains can be easily set-up [32]. Next to the detection of sex-related genes, the advances in transcriptomics and the increasing availability of RNA-Seq data also allows the investigation of whether these genes are transcribed and to get an insight into their functionality.…”

Section: Advances In the Genomic Technologies Show Evidence Of Sexualmentioning

confidence: 99%

The fungal sexual revolution continues: discovery of sexual development in members of the genus Aspergillus and its consequences

Ellena

Sauer

Steiger

2020

Fungal Biol Biotechnol

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Asexuality was considered to be a common feature of a large part of fungi, including those of the genus Aspergillus. However, recent advances and the available genomic and genetic engineering technologies allowed to gather more and more indications of a hidden sexuality in fungi previously considered asexual. In parallel, the acquired knowledge of the most suitable conditions for crossings was shown to be crucial to effectively promote sexual reproduction in the laboratory. These discoveries not only have consequences on our knowledge of the biological processes ongoing in nature, questioning if truly asexual fungal species exist, but they also have important implications on other research areas. For instance, the presence of sexuality in certain fungi can have effects on their pathogenicity or on shaping the ecosystem that they normally colonize. For these reasons, further investigations of the sexual potential of Aspergillus species, such as the industrially important A. niger, will be carried on.

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Induction of the Sexual Cycle in Filamentous Ascomycetes

Cited by 15 publications

References 92 publications

Penicillium section Lanata‐divaricata from acidic soil

Penicillium section Lanata‐divaricata from acidic soil

Mating-Type Gene Structure and Spatial Distribution ofDidymella tanacetiin Pyrethrum Fields

The fungal sexual revolution continues: discovery of sexual development in members of the genus Aspergillus and its consequences

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