Induction of Systemic Resistance in Soybean Using Some Eco-Friendly Materials Against Infection of F. Solani and Its Effect on Germination and Biochemical characteristics

Abstract

This study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of some chemical and biological substances, individually or in combination in reducing fusarium root rot disease in soybeans caused by the fungus Fusarium solani. The results of laboratory evaluation showed that A. chroococcum bacteria achieved 58.90% inhibition by using dilution 10 -7 . Whereas, the biochar scored 100% inhibition rate at a concentration 4%, while the potassium phosphate (K 2 HPO 4 ) scored a complete and 100% inhibition of the growth of the fungus at of 200 mM concentration. At greenhouse conditions, the mixing treatment A .chroococcum with biochar was performed in the presence of pathogenic fungi, and treatment of K 2 HPO 4 with A.chroococcum and biochar with pathogenic fungi, was the most efficient in reducing the incidence and severity of infection with F. solani which was 0.00 and 0.00% respectively, which did not differ significantly from the treatment of K 2 HPO 4 with A.chroococcum with pathogenic fungi, which was 6.67 and 3.33% respectively, compared to the percentage and severity of infection in the control treatment with, 76.67 and 75.00% respectively, as well as their cause of The fresh and dry weight of the plant was significantly increased among their treatments. The factors also showed an efficiency in inducing systemic resistance by increasing the peroxidase enzyme activity 7 and 14 days of adding the pathogen, compared to the treatment (without pathogenic fungi. The two mixing treatments between K 2 HPO 4 with A .chroococcum and biochar with pathogenic fungi and the addition treatment of mixing A .chroococcum with biochar in the presence of the pathogen were 64.00, 70.00, 63.17 and 68.37 respectively the rate of change in photosynthesis / min / g fresh weight of plant leaves. The rate of change of plant leaves was successively, while the rate of change of the enzyme was achieved by the comparison treatment (without pathogenic fungi), which was 22.27 and 23.33 rate of change by photosynthesis / min / gm fresh weight of plant leaves respectively, followed by the remaining treatments.