Induction of Pulmonary Edema and Emphysema in Cattle and Goats with 3-Methylindole

Carlson, James R.; Yokoyama, M. T.; Dickinson, E. M.

doi:10.1126/science.176.4032.298

Cited by 140 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 13 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The suggested pathogenesis is that tryptamine analogues are synthesized from tryptophan in the digestive tract, probably in the rumen contents (Schatzmann & Gerber, 1972). 5-Hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) (Eyre, 1972;Schatzmann & Gerber, 1972), tryptamine (Schatzmann & Gerber, 1972) and 3-methylindole (Carlson, Yokoyama & Dickinson, 1972) have been related to bovine pulmonary emphysema. Carlson, Dyer & Johnson (1968) experimentally reproduced the disease in cattle by feeding DL-tryptophan to cattle, whereas this amino acid led to no observable clinical or pathological effects in sheep.…”

Section: Introduction Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atypical Tryptamine Receptors in Sheep Pulmonary Vein

Eyre

1975

British J Pharmacology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

I Both the pulmonary artery and vein of the sheep contracted dose-dependently to histamine, carbamoylcholine, prostaglandin F2., noradrenaline and bradykinin and relaxed in the presence of isoprenaline or prostaglandin E1. 2 The effect of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) on the artery was consistently to produce dose-dependent contractions without tachyphylaxis. The effect on the vein was biphasic. 5-HT 5 x 10-°to 5 x 1 -8 M relaxed the partially constricted vein. 5-HT l0-7 to 1 o6 M caused brief venoconstriction followed by relaxation. 5-HT > 1 -6 M caused dose-related contraction of the vein. 3 Methysergide effectively blocked the contractile response of the artery to 5-HT, but only weakly inhibited the contractions of the vein (dose-ratio <20). 4 Each of ten antagonists tested failed to inhibit the 5-HT-induced relaxation of the vein. Sheep pulmonary vein possesses tryptamine receptors which mediate relaxation and which are not of the classical M-or D-type. These receptors appear not to be involved directly or indirectly with responses to acetylcholine, catecholamines, histamine or prostaglandins. IntroductionMethods

show abstract

Section: Introduction Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atypical Tryptamine Receptors in Sheep Pulmonary Vein

Eyre

1975

British J Pharmacology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…All previous intravenous administrations of 3-MI have been made using propylene glycol as a solvent (Carlson et al, 1972;Pirie et al, 1976 (Nos. 3,4,5 and 6 (Table 2) and two others, Nos.…”

Section: Intravenous Infusionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The only such metabolite of L-tryptophan which is known to be toxic is 3-methylindole (3-MI; skatole), a compound formed by ruminal microorganisms via indole 3-acetic acid as an intermediate (Carlson, Yokoyama & Dickinson, 1972). A severe proliferative alveolitis occurs 24 to 96 h after oral dosage or slow (6 to 12 h) intravenous infusion of 3-MI (Carlson et al, 1972;.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of 3‐methylindole in Cattle

Atkinson

Bogan

Breeze

et al. 1977

British J Pharmacology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Rapid intravenous injection of 3‐methylindole (3‐MI) was shown to induce an anaphylactoid‐like reaction in calves. This was suggested by the reduction in response to a repeat dose of 3‐MI, by the reduction of effects in the presence of antagonists to the putative mediators of anaphylaxis in cattle and by the production of signs similar to those seen in experimentally induced bovine anaphylaxis. The plasma half‐life of 3‐MI was short (14.4 min) and, since absorption of 3‐MI from the rumen is known to be slow, the extent of formation of 3‐MI from L‐tryptophan in the rumen would have to be substantial if 3‐MI is to be considered the causative agent of ‘fog fever’, an acute respiratory distress syndrome seen in cattle.

show abstract

“…The discharge of these compounds causes environmental contamination and serious environment toxicity, because indolic compounds are a class of soluble, recalcitrant and toxic organic compounds and some of the methyl derivatives are as potent as benzo(a)pyrene in causal effect on mutation (Ochiai et al, 1986). For example, 3MI has been known to cause acute pulmonary edema, emphysema, lung diseases in cattle (Carlson et al, 1972), hemoglobinuria, and hemolysis (Hammond et al, 1980) in cattle and goats. 3MI is also nuisance due to the strong unpleasant odor in animal wastes (Jensen et al, 1995), e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodegradation of 1-Methylindole and 3-Methylindole by Mangrove Sediment Enrichment Cultures and a Pure Culture of an Isolated Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Gs

Yin

Huang

2006

Water Air Soil Pollut

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. Indolic compounds are N-heterocyclic aromatic chemicals and have been detected at contaminated sites. Biodegradation of 1-methylindole (1MI) and 3-methylindole (3MI) was investigated initially using enrichment cultures with mangrove sediment obtained from Mai Po Nature Reserve of Hong Kong and subsequently with a pure culture of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Gs confirmed with 16S rRNA gene. At 2.0 mM, 1MI and 3MI were degraded in 4 and 3 days, respectively, by the respective 1MI-and 3MI-degrading enrichment cultures. When substrate concentrations were increased to 3.0 mM and 3.5 mM, slower degradation of 1MI and 3MI was observed indicating inhibitory effects from the substrates, possibly due to toxicity. In addition, no colony of bacteria could be observed on the agar plates amended with 3.5 mM 1MI or 4.0 mM 3MI, indicating that 1MI was more toxic than 3MI. Pseudomonas aeruginosa Gs, isolated from the enrichment culture, effectively utilized both substrates as the sole source of carbon and energy. Complete degradation of 1MI and 3MI was achieved after more than 40 days and 24 days, respectively, at an initial concentration of 2 mM in the culture. Effects of initial substrate concentration, pH and salinity on degradation of 1MI and 3MI by P. aeruginosa Gs were also studied in batch culture. The optimum pH and salinity for degrading both substrates by P. aeruginosa Gs was 7.0 and 5‰, respectively. Biodegradation kinetics of 1MI and 3MI by P. aeruginosa Gs could be described using a first-order kinetic model. Our results suggest that both 1MI and 3MI are biodegradable in the mangrove environment and that toxicity of 1MI could be a potential factor limiting the removal of the chemical in the environment by microorganisms.

show abstract

Induction of Pulmonary Edema and Emphysema in Cattle and Goats with 3-Methylindole

Cited by 140 publications

References 13 publications

Atypical Tryptamine Receptors in Sheep Pulmonary Vein

Atypical Tryptamine Receptors in Sheep Pulmonary Vein

Effects of 3‐methylindole in Cattle

Biodegradation of 1-Methylindole and 3-Methylindole by Mangrove Sediment Enrichment Cultures and a Pure Culture of an Isolated Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Gs

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About