Induction of protective immunity in animals vaccinated with recombinant vaccinia viruses that express PreM and E glycoproteins of Japanese encephalitis virus

Abstract

A cDNA clone representing the genome of structural proteins of Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) was inserted into the thymidine kinase gene of vaccinia virus strains LC 16mO and WR under the control of a strong early-late promoter for the vaccinia virus 7.5-kilodalton polypeptide. Indirect immunofluorescence and fluorescence-activated flow cytometric analysis revealed that the recombinant vaccinia viruses expressed JEV E protein on the membrane surface, as well as in the cytoplasm, of recombinant-infected cells. In addition, the E protein expressed from the JEV recombinants reacted to nine different characteristic monoclonal antibodies, some of which have hemagglutination-inhibiting and JEV-neutralizing activities. Radioimmunoprecipitation analysis demonstrated that two major proteins expressed in recombinant-infected cells were processed and glycosylated as the authentic PreM and E glycoproteins of JEV. Inoculation of rabbits with the infectious recombinant vaccinia virus resulted in rapid production of antiserum specific for the PreM and E glycoproteins of JEV. This antiserum had both hemagglutination-inhibiting and virus-neutralizing activities against JEV. Furthermore, mice vaccinated with the recombinant also produced JEV-neutralizing antibodies and were resistant to challenge with JEV.

The Murray Valley encephalitis virus prM protein confers acid resistance to virus particles and alters the expression of epitopes within the R2 domain of E glycoprotein

“…This would explain why flavivirus vaccine candidates produced from the expression of only E glycoprotein were partially protective against homotypic challenge, whereas those prepared from the expression of both prM and E glycoproteins gave a significant level of protection (Bray and Lai, 1991). Similar results were observed with Japanese encephalitis virus, where high neutralizing and hemagglutination-inhibiting antibodies which correlated with a high level of protection were found in mice inoculated with recombinant vaccine viruses expressing both prM and E but not E pro-tein alone (Konishi et al, 1991;Yasuda et a/., 1990).…”

Chimeric coronavirus-like particles carrying severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SCoV) S protein protect mice against challenge with SCoV

“…We next tested efficiencies of chimeric VLP production from Vero and CHO cells, both of which have been used for the preparation of human vaccines [43][44][45][46][47]. By using various DNA transfection reagents and combinations of different concentrations of each plasmid for transfection, the efficiencies of chimeric VLP production from Vero cells were about 10 times lower than those from 293T cells (data not shown).…”

Homologous and heterologous neutralization antibody responses after immunization with Japanese encephalitis vaccine among Taiwan children

“…Since RNA fingerprint analysis and sequence data have documented different strains of JEV in China, India, and Sri Lanka, careful evaluation of the most appropriate strain for use in vaccine preparation must also rely on an understanding of JEV molecular epidemiology in the area [Banerjee and Ranadive, 1989;Chen et al, 19901. Immunization is the most effective prevention measure against J E in Taiwan and elsewhere [Hoke et al, 1988;Poland et al, 19901. Several investigators have developed a new generation of J E vaccines to express the relevant immunogens, particularly in envelope glycoprotein (E), a membrane protein (MI, and its glycosylated precursor (PrM) [Haishi et al, 1989;Yasuda et al, 1990;Konishi et al, 19921. Optimal vaccine design of JE requires: (1) an understanding of local viral strain genetic heterogeneity and immunotyping of the viral infection, (2) identifying viral proteins containing peptides able to form antigenic complexes with prevalent class I and class I1 major histocompatibility complex alleles in the population for generating a higher level and wider spectrum of Nt Ab and cell-mediated immunity, and (3) elicitating the co-stimulatory activity of antigen presenting cells or adhesion molecules for a better memory response.…”