Induction of Persistent Estrus by Constant Light: Effects of Neonatal Constant Light and Harderian Gland Function

Shirama, Kazuhiko

doi:10.1159/000122812

Cited by 14 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 4 publications

(4 reference statements)

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“…1973: Reiter and Klein. 1974: Shirama. 1978 and as a potential source of pheromones [Thiessen et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Endocrine Glands and Hormone Replacement on the Mast Cell Count of the Harderian Gland of Mice

Shirama¹,

Kohda²,

Hokano³

1988

Cells Tissues Organs

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There are marked sex differences in the Harderian gland of the C3H/He mouse strain, the females having a larger number of mast cells than the males as one of the major differences. Mast cell counts of the Harderian gland were made on male mice subjected to combinations of adrenalectomy, gonadectomy and administration of sex steroid hormones. Castration alone caused a significant increase in the count resulting in about three times the number found in intact males. Castration plus adrenalectomy increased the count over 6-fold, to levels close to those found in female mice. Administration of testosterone or estrone to the mice which had been castrated and adrenalectomized prevented the increase, while progesterone treatment had no effect on the count. Although the number of mast cells in the male Harderian gland was necessarily small compared to either the female gland or that of castrated and adrenalectomized males, no obvious dimorphism could be found microscopically.

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“…1973: Reiter and Klein. 1974: Shirama. 1978 and as a potential source of pheromones [Thiessen et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Endocrine Glands and Hormone Replacement on the Mast Cell Count of the Harderian Gland of Mice

Shirama¹,

Kohda²,

Hokano³

1988

Cells Tissues Organs

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“…Its functions remain unclear, although it is usually regarded as a source of lubrication for the nictitating membrane (Cohn, 1955;Kennedy, 1970). It has been proposed as a link in a retinal-pineal-gonadal system Reiter & Klien, 1971;Clabough & Norvell, 1973;Shirama, 1978) and as a potential source of pheromones (Ebling, Ebling, Randall & Skinner, 1975;Payne, 1977).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influences of Some Endocrine Glands and of Hormone Replacement on the Porphyrins of the Harderian Glands of Mice

Shirama¹,

Furuya²,

Takeo³

et al. 1981

Journal of Endocrinology

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There are marked sex differences in the Harderian gland of the C3H/He strain of mice. Female (but not male) glands contain large amounts of porphyrin, which are readily visible as solid depositions within the lumina. The histology and porphyrin content of the Harderian gland were examined in intact and in pregnant mice and in mice subjected to combinations of adrenalectomy, gonadectomy and administration of sex steroid hormones. In male mice, castration approximately doubled the amount of porphyrin in the Harderian gland. Castration plus adrenalectomy increased the levels over 30-fold, to levels similar to those found in female mice, although adrenalectomy alone produced no significant effect. Administration of testosterone to the male mice which had been castrated and adrenalectomized prevented the increases while progesterone treatment produced further increases in porphyrins. In intact females, the amount of porphyrin varied with the phase of the oestrous cycle; being lowest during metoestrus and highest during dioestrus. In ovariectomized-adrenalectomized females, the effects of administered sex hormones on the amount of porphyrin in the gland were the same as in males. In pregnant mice, the level was no significantly different from that in intact oestrous animals.

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“…However, the initiation of persistent estrus was considerably delayed in comparison whith that of similarly treated rats, which were born and raised under LD 12:12 (Experiment 4). In this connection, it is noteworthy that the LL-induced persistent estrus appears months later in rats, born and raised under LL (Takahashi and Suzuki, 1969) or born under LD 12:12 but transferred to LL soon after birth (Takeo et al, 1975;Shirama, 1978), than in rats raised under LD 12:12. Hence, the unorganized brain-hypophyseal-gonadal system might be able to escape for a while from an overwhelming pressure of LL or unpredictable and possibly stressful LD alternations.…”

Section: Light-dependency Of the Estrous Cyclementioning

confidence: 99%

Light‐dependent and light‐independent estrous cycles and locomotor activity rhythms in rats regulating their cage illumination∗

Inoue

1981

Journal of Interdisciplinary Cycle Research

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Female rats were individually housed in a cage placed inside a small lightproof chamber. They were allowed to switch on and off the ceiling lamp of the chamber by pressing a lever. Adult rats, raised under LD 12:12 and exhibiting regular 4-day estrous cycles, developed persistent estrus during a 60-day stay in this cage, where self-selected LD alternations were quite irregular depending on animals. Female rats, born and raised under irregular LD cycles controlled by their mother and isolated in such a cage, also produced irregular LD cycles but their extrous cycles repeated regularly. Mating, pregnancy, parturition and lactation took place normally. Their locomotor activity exhibited an ultradian rhythmicity. These rats demonstrated very regular 4-day estrous cycles and 24-h locomotor activity rhythms, when they were transferred to the LD 12:12 environment. Female rats, either born and raised under the illumination control by their mother and by themselves or raised under LD 12:12, developed persistent estrus, if they were housed in a light-proof chamber in which the ceiling lamp was switched on and off unpredictably by a certain rat in a remote separate cage. From these results, it is suggested that the clock mechanism

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Induction of Persistent Estrus by Constant Light: Effects of Neonatal Constant Light and Harderian Gland Function

Cited by 14 publications

References 4 publications

Effects of Endocrine Glands and Hormone Replacement on the Mast Cell Count of the Harderian Gland of Mice

Effects of Endocrine Glands and Hormone Replacement on the Mast Cell Count of the Harderian Gland of Mice

Influences of Some Endocrine Glands and of Hormone Replacement on the Porphyrins of the Harderian Glands of Mice

Light‐dependent and light‐independent estrous cycles and locomotor activity rhythms in rats regulating their cage illumination∗

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