Induction of nitrate uptake in Sauvignon Blanc and Chardonnay grapevines depends on the scion and is affected by the rootstock

Abstract

Background and AimsNitrate is a major form of inorganic nitrogen present in cultivated soils; however, information on the mechanisms responsible for uptake of the anion in grapevines is scarce.\ud \ud Methods and ResultsThe response to external nitrate was studied in two clones of the cultivars Chardonnay and Sauvignon Blanc. Grapevines, own-rooted or grafted on the two rootstocks SO4 and K5BB, were grown in nutrient solution and, after a period of nitrogen (N)-deprivation, exposed to 0.2 or 1mmol/L nitrate. The uptake was an inducible process, operated by high- and low-affinity transport systems. The magnitude and time dependence of the induction varied as a function of the clone. Uptake rate as a function of nitrate external concentration showed a multiphasic pattern. Although nitrate exposure caused a transient up-regulation of nitrate influx transporter genes, a clear correlation with the rise in nitrate uptake could not be found; in contrast, a negative relationship between changes in uptake rates and expression of a nitrate efflux transporter gene was observed.\ud \ud ConclusionsIn the grapevine, the response of low- and high-affinity transport systems to external nitrate was favoured by the presence of the rootstock and also dependent on the characteristics of the scion. Low-affinity uptake and efflux from root cells conceivably play an important role in the overall N-nitrate acquisition.\ud \ud Significance of the StudyThis study shows that activation of mechanisms involved in nitrate uptake in the grapevine is strongly affected by the scion-rootstock combination. Results may be significant for developing agronomic practices and selection programmes related to nitrogen use in the grapevine

Effect of vine nitrogen status, grapevine variety and rootstock on the levels of berry S-glutathionylated and S-cysteinylated precursors of 3-sulfanylhexan-1-ol

“…Studied simultaneously in this work, we showed that vine N status had a greater impact than grapevine variety on the content of these metabolites. In fact, N absorption and/or assimilation is largely determined by the genotype of the plant to which it is related (Stines et al, 2000;Tomasi et al, 2015). This observation highlights the importance of terroir and the interaction between its components on the synthesis of 3SH precursors.…”

Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Watermelon Grafted onto 10 Wild Watermelon Rootstocks under Low Nitrogen Conditions

“…In fruit crops, such as grapes, nitrate uptake is favored by the presence of rootstocks and the characteristics of the scion. The overall nitrate acquisition is affected by low affinity nitrate uptake and efflux from the root cells [44]. Grafting mini-watermelon onto rootstocks increased the activity of nitrate reductase under different levels of nitrogen supply [30].…”

An overview of grafting re-establishment in woody fruit species

“…ex Tanaka), di erent C. reshni ff K transporters have been identi ed in modifying ion uptake and fi transport to the scion, suggesting that rootstocks possess e cient high-ffi a nity K ffi + uptake systems that supply K + for growth even at very low K + concentrations ( ). Caballero et al, 2013Tomasi et al (2015 a rmed that grape rootstocks (Chardonnay ffi and Sauvignon Blanc cultivars) improved nitrate uptake by a ecting ff the low-a nity nitrate transporter gene activity. In pear ( ffi Pyrus betulaefolia) rootstock plants,…”