Induction of nitrate reductase by cytokinin and ethylene in Agrostemma githago L. embryos

Schmerder, B.; Borriss, H.

doi:10.1007/bf00392111

Cited by 25 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…In addition, it was observed that cytokinin application did not change the nitrate content either in roots or in shoots of pineapple, indicating that no modifications in nitrate uptake or translocation were produced by the addition of these substances (Table 1). Therefore, the induction of NRA in pineapple by exogenous cytokinins was not related to an accumulation of nitrate, corroborating other reports that have suggested that cytokinins and nitrate regulate NRA independently (Kende et al 1971, Rao et al 1984, Schmerder and Borriss 1986).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…There is also evidence that the stimulatory effect of cytokinins on the accumulation of NR transcripts is because of a modulation of NR‐mRNA polyadenylation (Suty et al 1993). In addition, some reports indicate the involvement of cytokinins as possible mediators in the induction of NR expression by nitrate (Parkash 1972, Samuelson et al 1995), whereas others suggest that nitrate and cytokinins stimulate NR gene transcription independently (Kende et al 1971, Rao et al 1984, Schmerder and Borriss 1986, Solomonson and Barber 1990). Synergisms between cytokinins and light in the induction of NRA have also been proposed (Kohler et al 1980, Saroop et al 1998, Suty et al 1993).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thermoperiod affects the diurnal cycle of nitrate reductase expression and activity in pineapple plants by modulating the endogenous levels of cytokinins

Freschi

Nievola

Rodrigues

et al. 2009

Physiologia Plantarum

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Nitrate reductase (NR, EC 1.6.6.1) activity in higher plants is regulated by a variety of environmental factors and oscillates with a characteristic diurnal rhythm. In this study, we have demonstrated that the diurnal cycle of NR expression and activity in pineapple (Ananas comosus, cv. Smooth Cayenne) can be strongly modified by changes in the day/night temperature regime. Plants grown under constant temperature (28 degrees C light/dark) showed a marked increase in the shoot NR activity (NRA) during the first half of the light period, whereas under thermoperiodic conditions (28 degrees C light/15 degrees C dark) significant elevations in the NRA were detected only in the root tissues at night. Under both conditions, increases in NR transcript levels occurred synchronically about 4 h prior to the corresponding elevation of the NRA. Diurnal analysis of endogenous cytokinins indicated that transitory increases in the levels of zeatin, zeatin riboside and isopentenyladenine riboside coincided with the accumulation of NR transcripts and preceded the rise of NRA in the shoot during the day and in the root at night, suggesting these hormones as mediators of the temperature-induced modifications of the NR cycle. Moreover, these cytokinins also induced NRA in pineapple when applied exogenously. Altogether, these results provide evidence that thermoperiodism can modify the diurnal cycle of NR expression and activity in pineapple both temporally and spatially, possibly by modulating the day/night changes in the cytokinin levels. A potential relationship between the day/night NR cycle and the photosynthetic pathway performed by the pineapple plants (C(3) or CAM) is also discussed.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermoperiod affects the diurnal cycle of nitrate reductase expression and activity in pineapple plants by modulating the endogenous levels of cytokinins

Freschi

Nievola

Rodrigues

et al. 2009

Physiologia Plantarum

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“…Previous studies have provided much indirect evidence for this. For instance, exogenous application of the ethylene precursor ACC remarkably stimulated the activity of NR (Schmerder & Borriss, 1986), a key enzyme later demonstrated to be involved in NO generation (Kaiser et al, 2002;Neill et al, 2003). Furthermore, treatment of NO donor SNP or S-nitroso-Nacetylpenicillamine could also up-regulate the activities of ACO and ACS, two critical enzymes involved in ethylene biosynthesis (Gniazdowska et al, 2007).…”

Section: Ethylene and No Interactively Regulate Root Hair Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethylene and nitric oxide interact to regulate the magnesium deficiency‐induced root hair development in Arabidopsis

Liu

et al. 2016

New Phytologist

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Nitric oxide (NO) and ethylene respond to biotic and abiotic stresses through either similar or independent processes. This study examines the mechanism underlying the effects of NO and ethylene on promoting root hair development in Arabidopsis under magnesium (Mg) deficiency. The interaction between NO and ethylene in the regulation of Mg deficiency-induced root hair development was investigated using NO- and ethylene-related mutants and pharmacological methods. Mg deficiency triggered a burst of NO and ethylene, accompanied by a stimulated development of root hairs. Interestingly, ethylene facilitated NO generation by activation of both nitrate reductase and nitric oxide synthase-like (NOS-L) in the roots of Mg-deficient plants. In turn, NO enhanced ethylene synthesis through stimulating the activities of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) oxidase and ACC synthase (ACS). These two processes constituted an NO-ethylene feedback loop. Blocking either of these two processes inhibited the stimulation of root hair development under Mg deficiency. In conclusion, we suggest that Mg deficiency increases the production of NO and ethylene in roots, each influencing the accumulation and role of the other, and thus these two signals interactively regulate Mg deficiency-induced root hair morphogenesis.

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“…ntara, 1994 ;Romera et al, 1996 a, b). Ethylene is involved in the promotion of root hairs and other morphological changes in roots (Chadwick and Burg, 1967 ;Baskin andWilliamson, 1992, Finlayson andDolan, 1997 ;Kieber, 1997), and in the stimulation of nitrate reductase activity in Agrostemma embryos (Schmerder and Borriss, 1986).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethylene Production by Fe-deficient Roots and its Involvement in the Regulation of Fe-deficiency Stress Responses by Strategy I Plants

1999

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Species that showed marked morphological and physiological responses by their roots to Fe-deficiency (Strategy I plants) were compared with others that do not exhibit these responses (Strategy II plants). Roots from Fe-deficient cucumber (Cucumis sati us L. ' Ashley '), tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. T3238FER) and pea (Pisum sati um L. ' Sparkle ') plants produced more ethylene than those of Fe-sufficient plants. The higher production of ethylene in Fe-deficient cucumber and pea plants occurred before Fe-deficient plants showed chlorosis symptoms and was parallel to the occurrence of Fe-deficiency stress responses. The addition of either the ethylene precursor ACC, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid, or the ethylene releasing substance, Ethephon, to several Fe-sufficient Strategy I plants [cucumber, tomato, pea, sugar beet (Beta ulgaris L.), Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh ' Columbia '), plantago (Plantago lanceolata L.)] promoted some of their Fe-deficiency stress responses : enhanced root ferric-reducing capacity and swollen root tips. By contrast, Fe-deficient roots from several Strategy II plants [maize (Zea mays L. ' Funo '), wheat (Triticum aesti um L. ' Ye! cora '), barley (Hordeum ulgare L. ' Barbarrosa ')] did not produce more ethylene than the Fe-sufficient ones. Furthermore, ACC had no effect on the reducing capacity of these Strategy II plants and, except in barley, did not promote swelling of root tips. In conclusion, results suggest that ethylene is involved in the regulation of Fe-deficiency stress responses by Strategy I plants.

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Induction of nitrate reductase by cytokinin and ethylene in Agrostemma githago L. embryos

Cited by 25 publications

References 13 publications

Thermoperiod affects the diurnal cycle of nitrate reductase expression and activity in pineapple plants by modulating the endogenous levels of cytokinins

Thermoperiod affects the diurnal cycle of nitrate reductase expression and activity in pineapple plants by modulating the endogenous levels of cytokinins

Ethylene and nitric oxide interact to regulate the magnesium deficiency‐induced root hair development in Arabidopsis

Ethylene Production by Fe-deficient Roots and its Involvement in the Regulation of Fe-deficiency Stress Responses by Strategy I Plants

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