1999
DOI: 10.1016/s0264-410x(98)00241-2
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Induction of mucosal and systemic immune response by oral immunization with H. pylori lysates encapsulated in poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide) microparticles

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Cited by 48 publications
(19 citation statements)
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“…However, many vaccines are based on particulate protein mixtures (such as inactivated viral particles39 or whole cell lysates40, 41) rather than single purified proteins. Antigen associated with large particles (500–1000 nm in diameter or greater) is known to be spontaneously cross-presented by dendritic cells following particle phagocytosis, via mechanisms that are still a matter of debate 32, 4244.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…However, many vaccines are based on particulate protein mixtures (such as inactivated viral particles39 or whole cell lysates40, 41) rather than single purified proteins. Antigen associated with large particles (500–1000 nm in diameter or greater) is known to be spontaneously cross-presented by dendritic cells following particle phagocytosis, via mechanisms that are still a matter of debate 32, 4244.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Yet, even though intragastric administration received the highest dose, still it did not elicit any detectable immune response. It is likely that, despite the use of an antacid, the protein does not survive the harsh environment of the stomach and upper gastrointestinal tract and either needs to be protected (e.g, by encapsulation) [13] or accompanied by better adjuvants. We elected to use CpG ODN as adjuvant for this experiment because it has been reported safe for the different mucosas that we were testing.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Oral immunization using muramyl dipeptide as adjuvant was tested in Helicobacter mustelae infected ferrets, but the results were disappointing [89]. Other potential adjuvants have also been tested with variable results in animals, but have not yet been tested in humans [90][91][92].…”
Section: Adjuvantsmentioning
confidence: 99%