Induction of Matrix Metalloproteinase MMP‐9 (92‐kDa Gelatinase) by Retinoic Acid in Human Neuroblastoma SKNBE Cells

Abstract

Retinoic acid (RA) has been shown to induce human neuroblastoma SKNBE cell differentiation into a neuronal phenotype. Whether this neuronal differentiation is associated with modulation of matrix gelatinase [matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9] expression was investigated in SKNBE cell cultures exposed to RA for 14 days.

N-Myc and Bcl-2 coexpression induces MMP-2 secretion and activation in human neuroblastoma cells

“…However, the mechanism underlying N-Myc repression of MMP-9 is unclear. In neuroblastoma, the induction of di erentiation leads to MMP-9 upregulation (Chambaut-Guerin et al, 2000). Our hypothesis is that NMyc expression leads to a less di erentiated phenotype, which allows the cells to increase growth and motility.…”

Retinoic acid receptors and tissue-transglutaminase mediate short-term effect of retinoic acid on migration and invasion of neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells

“…Of these different cell types, only the 'N'-type cells possess tumorigenic potential and play an important role during tumor metastasis (Biedler et al, 1988;Ciccarone et al, 1989). Effects of RA on 'N'-type neuroblastoma cells are variable; the RAsensitive cells differentiate, quit cell cycle and migrate to form cell aggregates resembling ganglia, while differentiation-resistant cells show increased invasion (Chambaut-Guerin et al, 2000;Farina et al, 2002). Also, under normal conditions, RA plays an important role in the development of nervous system and migration of neural crest cells (Maden and Holder, 1992).…”

Matrix metalloproteinases promote motor axon fasciculation in theDrosophilaembryo

“…Early work in the field suggested that metalloproteinases play a largely permissive role in axon outgrowth -by degrading the ECM in order to clear a path for extending axons (Muir, 1994;Nordstrom et al, 1995;Zuo et al, 1998). In support of a role for MMPs in outgrowth, it has been shown that a number of MMPs are expressed on the growth cones of vertebrate neurites extending in vitro (Chambaut-Guerin et al, 2000;Hayashita-Kinoh et al, 2001;Nordstrom et al, 1995;Zuo et al, 1998). More recent work has demonstrated that in vitro, metalloproteinases are capable of modulating the interactions between guidance cues and their receptors (Galko and Tessier-Lavigne, 2000;Hattori et al, 2000).…”