Induction of macrophage inflammatory protein MIP-1α mRNA on glial cells after focal cerebral ischemia in the rat

Chemokines and chemokine receptors in CNS pathology

“…The morphology of MIP-1a positive cells was similar to GFAP-positive astrocytes (Kim et al, 1995). Contradictory results were published by others who showed by double in situ hybridization that MIP-1a is produced by Mac-1 positive microglial cells with peak of expression 4 ± 6 h after onset of occlusion (Takami et al, 1997). Increased MCP-1 mRNA expression at 6 h after occlusion of middle cerebral artery (MCAO) has also been reported.…”

“…Astrocytes, macrophages, endothelial cells, microglia Glabinski et al, 1996;Berman et al, 1996;Ghirnikar et al, 1996;Hausmann et al, 1998;McTigue et al, 1998 Wang et al, 1995;Lu et al, 1993;Yamasaki et al, 1995;Kim et al, 1995;Takami et al, 1997;Gourmaia et al, 1997;Ivacko et al, 1997 have not been identi®ed so far. One of them is CXCR5 receptor isolated initially from Burkitt's lymphoma cells but expressed also in mature B cells and in brain neurons (Kaiser et al, 1993).…”

Brain Cytokines and Chemokines: Roles in Ischemic Injury and Pain

“…Increase in the peptide contents of MCP-1 / CCL2 has been also shown in the brain after the ischemic insult (30). Cell species expressing these chemokine mRNAs were examined by a double in situ hybridization technique (28,29). MCP-1 / CCL2 mRNA was expressed in the GFAP mRNA-positive cells as well as in the Mac-1α mRNA-positive cells, suggesting that both astrocytes and microglia / macrophages expressed MCP-1 / CCL2 mRNA.…”

“…Enhanced expression of mRNAs for monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1, CCL2) (26 -28), and macrophage inflammatory protein-1α (MIP-1α, CCL3) (26,29) was demonstrated in the ischemic brain using a rat MCAO model. Increase in the peptide contents of MCP-1 / CCL2 has been also shown in the brain after the ischemic insult (30).…”

Sentries at the gate: chemokines and the blood-brain barrier

“…From 6 h to 2 days after MCAO astrocytes surrounding the ischemic tissue were the main cellular source of MCP-1; after 4 days MCP-1 was detected in macrophages and microglia in the ischemic area (Gourmala et al, 1997). MIP-1a expression was increased 4 ± 6 h after experimental brain ischemia and localized in microglial cells within the ischemic region (Takami et al, 1997). Expression of the rat GAO-a homolog CINC (cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant) was increased in the ischemic cerebral cortex 6 ± 12 h after MCAO.…”