Induction of insulin resistance by malathion: Evidence for disrupted islets cells metabolism and mitochondrial dysfunction

Pournourmohammadi, Shirin; Ostad, Seyed Nasser; Azizi, Ebrahim; Ghahremani, Mohammad Hossein; Farzami, Bijan; Minaie, Bagher; Larijani, Bagher; Abdollahi, Mohammad

doi:10.1016/j.pestbp.2007.02.001

Cited by 61 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Very recently, Pakzad et al (50) reported that diazinon disturbs glucose homeostasis in adipose tissues through oxidative stress. All these fi ndings make a point that OPs put glucose out of balance; they may induce diabetes by stimulating hepatic gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis or disruption of insulin effects in peripheral organs (9).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These compounds can affect mammalian systems by inhibiting acetylcholinesterase (AChE) at the synapses and muscular junctions, which may result in hypercholinergic preponderance. Apparently, the mechanisms causing brain, muscle or other organ damage by OPs are mostly related to a change in oxidant-antioxidant balance, which in turn results in free radical-mediated injury, as supported by many studies (3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10). Careless use of pesticides like OPs may cause diverse health complications by upsetting the nervous, endocrine, reproductive, and immune systems (11)(12)(13).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Neurocognitive, Mental Health, and Glucose Disorders in Farmers Exposed to Organophosphorus Pesticides

Malekirad

Faghih

Mirabdollahi

et al. 2013

Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology

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About 25 million agricultural workers in the developing world suffer from at least one episode of poisoning each year, mainly by anticholinesterase-like organophosphates (OPs). The objective of this cross-sectional study was to establish the OP toxicity in 187 occupationally exposed farmers in terms of neurocognitive impairment, mental health status, clinical symptoms, diabetes, and haematological factors. The exposed group was compared to 187 healthy age-, sex-, and education-matching controls. Neurocognitive impairment was measured using the Subjective Neurocognition Inventory (SNI) and mental health status using the General Health Questionnaire-28 (GHQ-28). The subjects were also tested for fasting blood glucose (FBG), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), cholesterol (CL), triglycerides (TG), creatinine, oral glucose tolerance test (GTT), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP). The exposed farmers showed higher FBG (p<0.001), BUN (p=0.007), CL (p<0.001), oral GTT (p<0.001), and lower AST (p<0.001), ALP (p<0.001), and creatinine (p=0.004) than controls. The rates of anxiety/ insomnia and severe depression were also signifi cantly higher in the farmers than in controls (p=0.015 and p<0.001, respectively). Meanwhile, the rate of social dysfunction was signifi cantly lower than in controls (p<0.001). Disorders affecting psychomotor speed, selective attention, divided attention, verbal memory, nonverbal memory, prospective memory, spatial functioning, and initiative/energy were all lower in the farmers (p<0.001). Farmers showed clinical symptoms eczema, saliva secretion, fatigue, headache, sweating, abdominal pain, nausea, superior distal muscle weakness, inferior distal muscle weakness, inferior proximal muscle weakness, breath muscle weakness, hand tingling, foot tingling, epiphoria, polyuria, miosis, dyspnoea, bradycardia, and rhinorrhoea, which all signifi cantly correlated with the number of working years. These fi ndings indicate that farmers who work with OPs are prone to neuropsychological disorders and diabetes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurocognitive, Mental Health, and Glucose Disorders in Farmers Exposed to Organophosphorus Pesticides

Malekirad

Faghih

Mirabdollahi

et al. 2013

Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology

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“…Remarkably, in vitro and in vivo studies on the effect of malathion on pancreatic beta cells provide contradictory results. In vitro data report a higher insulin content but lower insulin secretion by islets isolated from malathion-treated rats [65,66], whilst reports of subchronic exposures to malathion in vivo show a significant increase in plasma insulin and glucose levels [59,[65][66][67].…”

Section: Organophosphorus Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The unbalanced glucose homeostasis is probably due to inhibition of acetylcholinesterase at central and peripheral synapses that act in the endocrine regulation of glucose metabolism [64]. Although OPC exposure could possibly be linked to insulin resistance [65], little is known about the impact of OPCs on pancreatic beta cells and the molecular mechanisms supporting this disruption. Malathion is currently one of the most studied OPCs with respect to the mechanisms underlying hyperglycaemia.…”

Section: Organophosphorus Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental pollutants and type 2 diabetes: a review of mechanisms that can disrupt beta cell function

et al. 2011

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The prevalence of diabetes mellitus is currently at epidemic proportions and it is estimated that it will increase even further over the next decades. Although genetic predisposition and lifestyle choices are commonly accepted reasons for the occurrence of type 2 diabetes, it has recently been suggested that environmental pollutants are additional risk factors for diabetes development and this review aims to give an overview of the current evidence for this. More specifically, because of the crucial role of pancreatic beta cells in the development and progression of type 2 diabetes, the present work summarises the known effects of several compounds on beta cell function with reference to mechanistic studies that have elucidated how these compounds interfere with the insulin secreting capacity of beta cells. Oestrogenic compounds, organophosphorus compounds, persistent organic pollutants and heavy metals are discussed, and a critical reflection on the relevance of the concentrations used in mechanistic studies relative to the levels found in the human population is given. It is clear that some environmental pollutants affect pancreatic beta cell function, as both epidemiological and experimental research is accumulating. This supports the need to develop a solid and structured platform to fully explore the diabetes-inducing potential of pollutants.

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“…Estudios de los efectos del malatión sobre la secreción de insulina de los islotes pancreáticos revelaron cambios degenerativos en parches, lo que sugiere una resistencia a la insulina mediada a través de la alteración de su función mitocondrial. 15 La mayoría de casos con alteración en la glucosa no han sido diagnosticados inicialmente como intoxicación por organofosforados y, por lo tanto, no han utilizado antídotos; sin embargo, el uso de agonistas de los receptores de ACh disminuye la tasa de hiperglicemia. 7 Estas alteraciones son transitorias; no obstante, el impacto del control glucémico a largo plazo todavía no está identificado.…”

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Diagnóstico diferencial de cetoacidosis hiperglicémica: intoxicación por plaguicidas. Caso clínico

2016

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Arch Argent Pediatr 2016;114(2):e91-e94 / e91Presentación de casos clínicos RESUMEN La cetoacidosis diabética en niños puede ser una causa de morbilidad grave y mortalidad, especialmente si no se reconoce en el momento del primer diagnóstico. Sin embargo, existen otras patologías que pueden aparentar una alteración metabólica de este tipo y pasarse por alto si no se tiene sospecha clínica. A continuación, se describe un caso clínico que presenta cetoacidosis hiperglicémica debido al contacto con organofosforado, en el cual fue necesario el uso de insulina en infusión continua para el control del trastorno metabólico, sin repercusiones después del alta. Palabras clave: compuestos organofosforados, acetilcolinesterasa, hiperglicemia, cetoacidosis, convulsiones.ABSTRACT Diabetic ketoacidosis in children causes serious morbidity and mortality, especially if it is not recognized on time in the initial diagnosis. However, there are other diseases that can appear to be a metabolic disorder of this kind and be ignored if it is not suspected. We present a clinical case with hyperglycemic ketoacidosis due to the contact with organophosphate; we had to use a continuous infusion of insulin to control the metabolic disorder without repercussions after the girl came home.

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Induction of insulin resistance by malathion: Evidence for disrupted islets cells metabolism and mitochondrial dysfunction

Cited by 61 publications

References 33 publications

Neurocognitive, Mental Health, and Glucose Disorders in Farmers Exposed to Organophosphorus Pesticides

Neurocognitive, Mental Health, and Glucose Disorders in Farmers Exposed to Organophosphorus Pesticides

Environmental pollutants and type 2 diabetes: a review of mechanisms that can disrupt beta cell function

Diagnóstico diferencial de cetoacidosis hiperglicémica: intoxicación por plaguicidas. Caso clínico

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