Induction of HL-60 apoptosis by ethyl acetate extract of Cordyceps sinensis fungal mycelium

Zhang, Qiaoxia; Wu, Jianyong; Hu, Zongding; Li, Duan

doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2004.05.029

Cited by 46 publications

(24 citation statements)

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“…1). To best of our knowledge, this is the first report of the isolation of sterol constituents (1)(2)(3)(4)(5) from cultured C. sinensis mycelium, not from the insect body.…”

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confidence: 89%

“…Various biological activities of Cordyceps including antitumor effects were reported. [1][2][3] Recently, Cordyceps sinensis has been cultured to fulfill medicinal needs, since Cordyceps is very limited in nature. 4,5) Among the chemical constituents of cultured C. sinensis mycelium, cordycepin (6), dioxopiperazines, polysaccharides, and peptides were reported.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Apoptosis-Inducing Effects of Sterols from the Dried Powder of Cultured Mycelium of Cordyceps sinensis

et al. 2009

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NotesCordyceps (Chinese name ), mainly distributed in Qinghai, Xizang, and Sichuan provinces of China, has been used as a popular and effective antiaging and tonic folk medicine and to treat various human diseases such as hepatitis, cancer, etc. Various biological activities of Cordyceps including antitumor effects were reported. [1][2][3] Recently, Cordyceps sinensis has been cultured to fulfill medicinal needs, since Cordyceps is very limited in nature. 4,5) Among the chemical constituents of cultured C. sinensis mycelium, cordycepin (6), dioxopiperazines, polysaccharides, and peptides were reported.5-7) However, sterol constituents such as 5a,6a-epoxy-5a-ergosta-7,22-dien-3b-ol (4) and ergosterol (5), which were reported to be contained in Cordyceps, 8,9) have not been isolated from the mycelium so far.We previously reported the inhibitory effects of the hotwater extract of C. sinensis mycelium on the metastasis of B16 melanoma cells in mice.10) As a continuing study, the methanolic extract and its ethyl acetate-soluble fraction from the dried powder of cultured C. sinensis mycelium showed cytotoxic effects on promyelocytic leukemia HL-60 cells. Previously, several studies on the cytotoxic and apoptosisinducing effects of Cordyceps were reported.1-3) However, the active constituents of cultured C. sinensis mycelium have not been investigated sufficiently. In this paper, the cytotoxic effects of the methanolic (MeOH) extract and several sterol constituents (1-5) from the dried powder of cultured C. sinensis mycelium on HL-60 cells are described. Results and DiscussionTo investigate the cytotoxic effects of the MeOH extract and its active constituents from the dried powder of cultured C. sinensis mycelium, the viabilities of test sample-treated HL-60 cells were evaluated in the WST-8 assay. The MeOH extract (yield: 18.9% from the dried power) exhibited significant cytotoxic effects (IC 50 valueϭ199 mg/ml). The MeOH extract was then partitioned into an ethyl acetate (EtOAc)-water (H 2 O) mixture. The aqueous phase was then extracted with 1-butanol (1-BuOH), and the EtOAc-(3.8%), 1-BuOH-(5.2%), and H 2 O-(9.9%) soluble fractions were obtained. The EtOAc-and 1-BuOH-soluble fractions showed cytotoxic effects (IC 50 values of 120 and 199 mg/ml, respectively), and the H 2 O-soluble fraction showed less potent effects (IC 50 value Ͼ200 mg/ml).Through bioassay-guided isolation, 11) sitosterol (1, 0.00025%), 5a,8a-epidioxy-22E-ergosta-6,22-dien-3b-ol (2, 0.0028%), 12) 5a,8a-epidioxy-22E-ergosta-6,9(11),22-trien3b-ol (3, 0.0045%), 12) 5a,6a-epoxy-5a-ergosta-7,22-dien3b-ol (4, 0.00012%), 9) and ergosterol (5, 0.00024%) were obtained from the EtOAc-soluble fraction by ordinary-and reversed-phase silica gel column chromatography, preparative TLC, and HPLC (Fig. 1). To best of our knowledge, this is the first report of the isolation of sterol constituents (1-5) from cultured C. sinensis mycelium, not from the insect body.Next, the cytotoxic effects of the isolated sterol constituents 1-5 on HL-60 cells were examined and comp...

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“…1). To best of our knowledge, this is the first report of the isolation of sterol constituents (1)(2)(3)(4)(5) from cultured C. sinensis mycelium, not from the insect body.…”

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confidence: 89%

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confidence: 99%

Apoptosis-Inducing Effects of Sterols from the Dried Powder of Cultured Mycelium of Cordyceps sinensis

et al. 2009

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“…2128) colorimetric technique and OD 570 was measured using a spectrophotometer (Doyle & Griffith, 1998;Zhang et al, 2004). The wells containing only RPMI-FCS and MTT were used as the control.…”

Section: Analysis Of Cell Viabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Induction of programmed cell death by Prangos uloptera, a medicinal plant

et al. 2009

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Inhibition of the cell growth or induction of cell death is the most promising area in cancer therapy. The induction of apoptosis by dichloromethane extract of Prangos uloptera was evaluated on the McCoy cell line. This plant's roots, aerial parts and fruit have medicinal value. Cell growth inhibitory and cell cytotoxicity effects of the extract were assayed by MTT and Trypan-blue tests, respectively. Morphological changes and DNA fragmentation were also evaluated. The viability tests showed 0.49 and 0.3 mg/ml as 50% inhibition concentration and 50% cytotoxicity concentration after 24 hours of treatment, respectively. Fluorescent microscopy analysis revealed chromatin fragmentation and scanning electron microscopy showed cell shrinkage and cytoplasmic blebbing. These findings were confirmed by DNA fragmentation analysis. The results demonstrated efficient induction of apoptosis by the plant extract in moderate concentrations, but administration of higher concentrations showed that the primary manner of cell death was necrosis.

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“…The activation of caspase-3 and the specific proteolytic cleavage of poly ADP-ribose polymerase were detected during the course of apoptosis induction. These results suggest that this extract inhibited cancer cell proliferation by inducing cell apoptosis [29]. The involvement of caspase-8 with caspase-3 was also found in C. sinensis induced apoptosis in MA-10 mouse Leydig tumor cells [30].…”

Section: Activity Of Cordyceps Sinensismentioning

confidence: 54%

Cordyceps Mushroom: A Potent Anticancer Nutraceutical

Khan¹,

Tania²,

Zhang³

et al. 2010

TONUTRAJ

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Abstract:The Cordyceps mushrooms have a long history as medicinal fungi. In Traditional Chinese Medicine, Cordyceps have been used to treat several conditions including cancers for thousand of years. Extracts from both mycelium and fruiting bodies of C. sinensis, C. militaris and other Cordyceps species showed significant anticancer activities by various mechanisms such as, modulating immune system and inducing cell apoptosis. Some polysaccharide components and cordycepin (3'-deoxyadenosine) have been isolated from C. sinensis and C. militaris, which acted as potent anticancer components. This review article aims to further elucidate the importance of Cordyceps mushrooms by summarizing the findings of some of the important research works concerning possible mechanism of anticancer activity of this mushroom.

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Induction of HL-60 apoptosis by ethyl acetate extract of Cordyceps sinensis fungal mycelium

Cited by 46 publications

References 10 publications

Apoptosis-Inducing Effects of Sterols from the Dried Powder of Cultured Mycelium of Cordyceps sinensis

Apoptosis-Inducing Effects of Sterols from the Dried Powder of Cultured Mycelium of Cordyceps sinensis

Induction of programmed cell death by Prangos uloptera, a medicinal plant

Cordyceps Mushroom: A Potent Anticancer Nutraceutical

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