Induction of conifer immune responses by phytopathogenic fungus metabolites

Polyakova, G. G.; Pashenova, N. V.; Polyakov, V. I.; Zrazhevskaya, G. K.

doi:10.1134/s1021443708040109

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…We found low levels of genetic variability in mountain pine, but also that parasitized trees in some cases had highest levels of heterozygosity; this is not rare if we take into account that plants are subject to various abiotic and biotic stresses, especially those long-lived species like conifers; thus, slow-growing plants will invest heavily in defenses against parasites because of high cost of replacing tissue [9,36]; substantial variation in susceptibility, damage and resistance are well documented in natural plant populations [21,[37][38][39].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Genetic Variability of Mountain Pine (Pinus hartwegii Lindl) in the Protection of Flora and Fauna Area Nevado de Toluca

Heredia-Bobadilla¹,

Gutiérrez-González²,

Fernández³

et al. 2019

Genetic Diversity in Plant Species - Characterization and Conservation

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Mountain pine (Pinus hartwegii Lindl) is one of the most abundant conifers in the Protection of Flora and Fauna Area Nevado de Toluca in central Mexico; this natural protected area is threatened by urbanization; this has been manifested in forest health; there has been an increase in forest parasites like bark beetles and dwarf mistletoes, making necessary improve forest management and conservation, hence our objective was to study the genetic diversity of mountain pine under the attack of parasites and to generate information that could be used to improve strategies of conservation of these forests. We classified sampled trees into four categories according to the type of parasite present in a tree (bark beetle: BB; dwarf mistletoe: DM; bark beetle and dwarf mistletoe: BM and non-attacked trees or healthy trees: HT). Genetic diversity was low in comparison with other pine species, but we observed an interesting issue: trees attacked by bark beetle and dwarf mistletoe had higher levels of heterozygosis: He nc = 0.1924 and He nc = 0.1993, respectively. These results suggest that trees with bark beetle and dwarf mistletoes may have higher genetic variability and are a highly valuable genetic resource for mountain pine.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Genetic Variability of Mountain Pine (Pinus hartwegii Lindl) in the Protection of Flora and Fauna Area Nevado de Toluca

Heredia-Bobadilla¹,

Gutiérrez-González²,

Fernández³

et al. 2019

Genetic Diversity in Plant Species - Characterization and Conservation

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“…Our preliminary investigations show that the phloem defense response evolves after inoculation of mycelium extract as well as live mycelium [8][9][10]24]. A phloem lesion was formed.…”

Section: The Stem Phloem Defense Response (Stem Lesion Test)mentioning

confidence: 90%

“…We applied the stem lesion test developed in our laboratory [8][9][10]. This test is based on the well-known method of stem inoculation with live mycelium of an ophiostomatoid fungus and induction of conifer plant defense response [23][24][25][26].…”

Section: The Stem Phloem Defense Response (Stem Lesion Test)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The current study elaborates a method for assessing environmental toxicity using pine stands as bioindicators. Our previous investigations [8][9][10] show the promise of a stem lesion test for assessing the impact of environmental factors on the vigor state of conifer trees. The stem lesion test applies characteristics of the stem phloem defense response after inoculation with the mycelial extract of ophiostomatoid fungi, as well as live mycelium.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The stem lesion test applies characteristics of the stem phloem defense response after inoculation with the mycelial extract of ophiostomatoid fungi, as well as live mycelium. As for pine trees, the use of the mycelial extract of the ophiostomatoid fungus Ceratocystis laricicola is promising [8,9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pine Stands as Bioindicators: Justification for Air Toxicity Monitoring in an Industrial Metropolis

et al. 2020

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Five permanent sample plots (SPs; 200–250 trees per plot) were established in middle-aged high-grade suburban pine stands near the industrial city of Krasnoyarsk, Siberia, Russia. Needle damage, inventory parameters of the stands, and the defense response of the stem phloem were evaluated annually for the years 2002–2019 and attributed to acute or chronic toxic exposures (creeping fire or industrial pollutants, respectively). The results form a basis for using trees as bioindicators. A newly elaborated stem lesion test was formed from a hypothesis on the upward sugar transport for the regeneration of an injured crown, based on Eschrich’s model of bidirectional sugar transport in the phloem. The formation of a phloem lesion was induced by inoculation of the stem with a mycelial extract of the ophiostomatoid fungus Ceratocystis laricicola. The lesion length and its shift relative to the inoculation hole were measured. An increase in the length of needles at early stages of stand weakening by pollutants was found to correspond to the hormesis model (Selye’s adaptation syndrome). A possibility of assessing the chronology of pollutant toxicity and the duration of the recovery period after creeping fire was shown.

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Genes de resistencia inducida en Pinus hartwegii (Pinaceae) en el centro de México

Heredia-Bobadilla,

Gutiérrez-González,

Cibrián Tovar

et al. 2024

Acta Bot. Mex.

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Antecedentes y Objetivos: El pino de las alturas (Pinus hartwegii) es la especie de pino que se distribuye a mayor altitud en México, forma comunidades clímax entre 3700 y 4300 m s.n.m. Esta especie se encuentra amenazada por la tala ilegal y un incremento de parásitos como los descortezadores (Dendroctonus sp.) y muérdagos enanos (Arceuthobium sp.). Esto en parte provoca que las medidas de control y manejo se centren en la remoción de los árboles afectados, cuando en realidad puede tratarse de individuos con una carga genética muy valiosa. El objetivo de este estudio fue identificar y obtener secuencias de genes de defensa y/o resistencia en pinos atacados por estos parásitos. De acuerdo con la bibliografía consultada hasta la elaboración de este trabajo, no hay reportes de este tipo de secuencias para pinos mexicanos. Métodos: Se obtuvieron secuencias de genes de defensa y resistencia de coníferas filogenéticamente cercanas a P. hartwegii y a partir de estas se diseñaron oligonucleótidos, con los cuales se realizaron reacciones de PCR. Los productos obtenidos se secuenciaron y las secuencias obtenidas fueron analizadas para determinar si correspondían a genes de defensa y resistencia propias de esta especie de pino. Resultados clave: Se logró obtener cuatro secuencias de genes ligados a la defensa y resistencia en coníferas con un nivel de homología entre 93 y 100% con genes de resistencia de otras coníferas, de los géneros Picea, Pinus y Pseudotsuga. Se discute la posible función de estas secuencias en la defensa de Pinus hartwegii frente a parásitos como los descortezadores y los muérdagos enanos y se reportan sus claves de acceso en GenBank.Conclusiones: Las secuencias reportadas podrán ser utilizadas en estudios de expresión genética del pino de las alturas.

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Induction of conifer immune responses by phytopathogenic fungus metabolites

Cited by 3 publications

References 10 publications

Genetic Variability of Mountain Pine (Pinus hartwegii Lindl) in the Protection of Flora and Fauna Area Nevado de Toluca

Genetic Variability of Mountain Pine (Pinus hartwegii Lindl) in the Protection of Flora and Fauna Area Nevado de Toluca

Pine Stands as Bioindicators: Justification for Air Toxicity Monitoring in an Industrial Metropolis

Genes de resistencia inducida en Pinus hartwegii (Pinaceae) en el centro de México

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