Induction of cell fusion of plant protoplasts by electrical stimulation

Sencia, Mitsugi; Takeda, Jun; Abe, Shunnosuke; Nakamura, Takeshi

doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.pcp.a075944

Cited by 195 publications

(63 citation statements)

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“…Currently, the most commonly used method of producing tetraploid embryos is electrofusion by electrical stimulation, which was first developed for fusion of plant protoplasts (Senda et al, 1979). Later, electrofusion was developed for mammalian two-cell embryos as a method for limiting exposure to toxins and controlling variability between batches of reagents used for PEG or virus-induced tetraploidy by using measurable and repeatable electrical parameters.…”

Section: Blastomere Fusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tetraploid development in the mouse

Eakin

Behringer

2003

Developmental Dynamics

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Spontaneous duplication of the mammalian genome occurs in approximately 1% of fertilizations. Although one or more whole genome duplications are believed to have influenced vertebrate evolution, polyploidy of contemporary mammals is generally incompatible with normal development and function of all but a few tissues. The production of tetraploid (4n) embryos has become a common experimental manipulation in the mouse. Although development of tetraploid mice has generally not been observed beyond midgestation, tetraploid:diploid (4n:2n) chimeras are widely used as a method for rescuing extraembryonic defects. The tolerance of tissues to polyploidy appears to be dependent on genetic background. Indeed, the recent discovery of a naturally tetraploid rodent species suggests that, in rare genetic backgrounds, mammalian genome duplications may be compatible with the development of viable and fertile adults. Thus, the range of developmental potentials of tetraploid embryos remains in large part unexplored. Here, we review the biological consequences and experimental utility of tetraploid mammals, in particular the mouse. Developmental Dynamics 228:751-766, 2003.

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Section: Blastomere Fusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tetraploid development in the mouse

Eakin

Behringer

2003

Developmental Dynamics

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“…Currently, the most commonly used method for producing tetraploid embryos is electrofusion by electrical stimulation, a technique first developed for the fusion of plant protoplasts (Senda et al, 1979). Later, electrofusion was developed for mammalian two-cell embryos as a method for limiting exposure to toxins and controlling variability between batches of reagents used for PEG-or virusinduced tetraploidy, using measurable and repeatable electrical parameters.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chromosome remodeling and differentiation of tetraploid embryos during preimplantation development

Park

Lee

Bui

et al. 2011

Developmental Dynamics

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Although it is known that the tetraploid embryo contributes only to the placenta, the question of why tetraploid embryos differentiate into placenta remains unclear. To study the effect of electrofusion on the development of mouse tetraploid oocytes, mouse two-cell embryos were fused and cultured in vitro in Chatot-Ziomek-Bavister medium. After electrofusion, two chromosome sets from the tetraploid blastomere were individually duplicated before nuclear fusion. At 8-10 hr after electrofusion, each chromosome set was condensing and the nuclear membrane was breaking down. Around 12-14 hr after electrofusion, the two chromosome sets had combined together and had reached the second mitotic metaphase, at this point with 8n sets of chromosomes. Interestingly, we discovered that expression of OCT4, an inner cell mass cells biomarker, is lost by the tetraploid expanded blastocysts, but that CDX2, a trophectoderm cells biomarker, is strongly expressed at this stage. This observation provides evidence clarifying why tetraploid embryos contribute only to trophectoderm.

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“…Non-electrolyte solution (mannitol) and electrolyte solution (PBS) were used as a fusion media for electrofusion of embryos (Kubiak and Tarkowski, 1985). Senda et al (1979) reported first time the successful electrofusion of two cells of plant protoplast. Later on, Richter et al (1981) reported the electrical induced fusion between two eggs of sea urchin.…”

Section: Electrofusion Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tetraploidy Induced by Electrofusion - A Review

Agrawal¹

2016

Adv. Anim. Vet. Sci.

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Induction of cell fusion of plant protoplasts by electrical stimulation

Cited by 195 publications

References 0 publications

Tetraploid development in the mouse

Tetraploid development in the mouse

Chromosome remodeling and differentiation of tetraploid embryos during preimplantation development

Tetraploidy Induced by Electrofusion - A Review

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