Induction of cell death by photodynamic therapy with water-soluble lipid-membrane-incorporated [60]fullerene

Abstract

Intracellular uptake of a lipid-membrane-incorporated C(60) with a cationic surface into HeLa cells was found to induce cell death under visible light irradiation in high efficiency.

Photodynamic Activity of Liposomal Photosensitizers via Energy Transfer from Antenna Molecules to [60]Fullerene

“…The produced cationic lipid membrane incorporating C 60 (LMIC 60 ) showed high cytotoxicity under light irradiation between 350-500 nm. [10][11][12][13] However, from a practical application standpoint, the poor absorption of C 60 between 600 and 700 nm, which is the optimal wavelength range for PDT, remains problematic.…”

“…Light-harvesting liposomes of LMIC 60 -DiD were prepared via fullerene exchange from the γ-cyclodextrin (γ-CDx) cavity to DiD contained liposomes (liposome-DiD) following a previously reported method. [10][11][12][13] Due to the efficient intracellular uptake of liposomes by tumor cells in our previously reports, liposomes with cationic surfaces were used for the preparation of LMIC 60 -DiD. 10,11 The structures of DiD and lipids are shown in Figure S1 in the Supporting Information.…”

“…[10][11][12][13] Due to the efficient intracellular uptake of liposomes by tumor cells in our previously reports, liposomes with cationic surfaces were used for the preparation of LMIC 60 -DiD. 10,11 The structures of DiD and lipids are shown in Figure S1 in the Supporting Information. LMIC 60 -DiD, composed of DiD, lipids and C 60 , were produced in a molar ratio of 1:40:4.…”

“…1,2 Due to the formation of a long-lived triplet state and the high photoproduction ability of ROS, fullerenes have attracted significant attention as PS of PDT. [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] We have previously reported that liposomal lipid membrane can be used for solubilization of unmodified [60]fullerenes (C 60 ) to overcome their poor water solubility. The produced cationic lipid membrane incorporating C 60 (LMIC 60 ) showed high cytotoxicity under light irradiation between 350-500 nm.…”

Biological applications of hydrophilic C60 derivatives (hC60s)− a structural perspective

“…Because cationic 43-incorporated C60 was relatively easier to bind to the anionic cellular surface and engendered cell death [133]. LMIC60 43+41 led to the morphological change of cells and 85% cells were killed, while 1% cells were dead with the treatment of LMIC60 42+41 under 350-500 nm exposure [105].…”