Induction of Cambial Reactivation by Localized Heating in a Deciduous Hardwood Hybrid Poplar (Populus sieboldii x P. grandidentata)

Abstract

The results suggest that, in deciduous diffuse-porous hardwood poplar growing in a temperate zone, the temperature in the stem is a limiting factor for reactivation of phloem and cambium. An increase in temperature might induce the conversion of storage starch to sucrose for the activation of cambial cell division and secondary xylem. Localized heating in poplar stems provides a useful experimental system for studies of cambial biology.

Influence of Temperature on Cambial Activity and Cell Differentiation in Quercus Sessiliflora and Acer Pseudoplatanus of Different Ages

“…Our observations are in contrast with previous fi ndings of similar experiments with elevated temperature carried out by other scientists on different tree species (Abies sachalinensis, Larix leptolepis, Cryptomeria japonica, Populus sieboldii x P. grandidentata) (e.g., Oribe and Kubo, 1997;Oribe et al, 2001Oribe et al, , 2003Begum et al, 2007Begum et al, , 2010. However, in their cases the selected trees were either relatively young (12-40 years old) or they were exposed to elevated temperatures only for a short period of time (i.e., one month).…”

“…On the other hand, heating did not stimulate cell division in cambium before regular cambial activity in the deciduous Larix leptolepis, which appeared only after the activation of buds (Oribe et al, 2001). Cambial reactivation in Populus sieboldii x P. grandidentata occurred before bud burst, indicating their independence of each other (Begum et al, 2007). Begum et al (2010) reported that cambial sensitivity from late winter to early spring under natural conditions and in locally heated stems of Cryptomeria japonica might depend both on cambial age and the stage of cambial dormancy.…”

“…It has been demonstrated that the application of temperature in the period of either cambial activity or dormancy can cause alterations in its regular rhythm of periodicity and cell differentiation (e.g., Denne and Dodd, 1981;Mellerowicz et al, 1992; Barnett and Miller, 1994; Oribe and Kubo, 1997; Oribe et al, 2001; Gričar et al, 2006Gričar et al, , 2007Begum et al, 2007Begum et al, , 2008. The application of heat has revealed differences in the response of dormant cambium to treatments among different species of evergreen and deciduous habit (e.g., Oribe et al, 2003;Gričar et al, 2006;Begum et al, 2010); however, in all cases, temperature has been proven to be crucial for the onset of cell division and SAŽETAK • U radu je istraživan utjecaj grijanja (20-22 °C) i hlađenja (9-11 °C) The stem portion of the two trees of each species were heated with a 15 m long electric heat cable (FSM-17, 17W/+5°C, 11W/25°C, 230V) wrapped around 1 meter of the stem length.…”

“…The majority of such experiments have been carried out on conifers and, recently, on the deciduous diffuse-porous hardwood Populus sieboldii x Populus grandidentata (Begum et al, 2007) but information on ring-porous species is still lacking. In addition, the effect of elevated temperature on cambial activity has been mostly investigated during dormancy over short periods of time, while only a few studies have been performed during the vegetation period or with decreased temperature.…”

Temperate and boreal forest tree phenology: from organ-scale processes to terrestrial ecosystem models

“…In natural stands, the onset of cambial activity occurs within a relatively narrow range of daily minimum air temperature (+2 to +7°C in 80% of the data; Rossi et al 2008), resulting in altitudinal gradients of cambium resumption (Moser et al 2010;Oladi et al 2010;Prislan et al 2013). Moreover, the resumption of cambial activity can be triggered during late winter by an artificial heating of tree stems (Oribe et al 2003;Begum et al 2007Begum et al , 2010. Interestingly, this artificial resumption of cambial activity can only be triggered during the ecodormancy phase of cambium tissue (referred to as the "quiescent phase" in Oribe and Kubo 1997;Begum et al 2013) after the chilling requirement has been fulfilled during endodormancy (referred to as the "rest phase" in Little and Bonga 1974;Begum et al 2013).…”