Induction of broad immunity by thermostabilised vaccines incorporated in dissolvable microneedles using novel fabrication methods

Abstract

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Dissolving Microneedle Patches for Dermal Vaccination

“…The back-plate of the dMN patch can be made by using the same ( 51 ) or different materials ( 30 , 42 ) as the needles. Furthermore, the back-plate can be reinforced or the ease of handling can be increased by applying an adhesive tape ( 38 , 42 , 52 – 54 ). Besides matrix material, other excipients might be included (( 33 ) ( 32 ) ( 30 )) to improve the antigen stability or mechanical strength of the dMNs (Table I ).…”

“…Stability of the antigen should be assessed both after the manufacturing of dMNs ( 86 ) as well as after the storage ( 22 , 24 , 31 , 38 , 39 ). The type of stability indicating assays depends on the antigen as well as the type of immunity that should be induced (e.g.…”

Review on Transdermal Microneedle-Based Drug Delivery

“…This increases costs and complicates logistics, especially in developing countries where mechanisms to maintain refrigeration from manufacturer to patient (i.e., the "cold chain") are not always intact. In part because of their solid-state formulation, MNPs can provide increased stability without refrigeration, especially for biomolecules such as proteins and vaccines [98][99][100][101][102][103][104][105].…”

Chimeric influenza haemagglutinins: Generation and use in pseudotype neutralization assays

“…A cHA pseudotype neutralization assay should be performed as previously reported [11]. Data can be analysed to calculate the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC 50 ) using statistical software such as Graphpad Prism or Microsoft Excel.…”

“…The H11/H1 chimeric HA pseudotype described in Fig. 9 has been used recently by us to measure the neutralizing antibody response directed against the H1 stalk elicited by a novel dissolvable microneedle vaccine [11]. Additionally, the Gibson assembly cloning procedure that we have reported could be used with appropriate modification by other investigators to evaluate chimeric proteins.…”