Induction of apoptosis in densovirus infected Aedes aegypti mosquitoes

Roekring, Songsak; Smith, Duncan R.

doi:10.1016/j.jip.2010.04.002

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Our previous whole transcriptome study indicated that a group of genes associated with apoptosis showed significant coordinated upregulation in a DENV refractory strain in response to DENV-2 infection (Behura et al , 2011). Apoptosis of mosquito salivary gland and midgut tissue has been associated with infection by multiple viruses including, West Nile virus, Sindbis virus (SINV), densovirus and nucleopolyhedrovirus (Kelly et al , 2012; Liu et al , 2011; Roekring & Smith, 2010; Vaidyanathan & Scott, 2006). Progressive salivary gland apoptosis has been correlated with decreased long-term West Nile virus titers in Culex quinquefasciatus (Girard et al , 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Apoptosis-related genes control autophagy and influence DENV-2 infection in the mosquito vector, Aedes aegypti

Eng

Zuylen

Severson

2016

Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

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The mosquito Aedes aegypti is the primary urban vector for dengue virus (DENV) worldwide. Insight into interactions occurring between host and pathogen is important in understanding what factors contribute to vector competence. However, many of the molecular mechanisms for vector competence remain unknown. Our previous global transcriptional analysis suggested that differential expression of apoptotic proteins is involved in determining refractoriness vs susceptibility to DENV-2 infection in Ae. aegypti females following a DENV-infected blood meal. To determine whether DENV-refractory Ae. aegypti showed more robust apoptosis upon infection, we compared numbers of apoptotic cells from midguts of refractory and susceptible strains and observed increased numbers of apoptotic cells in only the refractory strain upon DENV-2 infection. Thereafter, we manipulated apoptosis through dsRNA interference of the initiator caspase, Aedronc. Unexpectedly, dsAedronc-treated females showed both decreased frequency of disseminated infection and decreased virus titer in infected individuals. Insect caspases have also previously been identified as regulators of the cellular recycling process known as autophagy. We observed activation of autophagy in midgut and fat body tissues following a blood meal, as well as programmed activation of several apoptosis-related genes, including the effector caspase, Casps7. To determine whether autophagy was affected by caspase knockdown, we silenced Aedronc and Casps7, and observed reduced activation of autophagy upon silencing. Our results provide evidence that apoptosis-related genes are also involved in regulating autophagy, and that Aedronc may play an important role in DENV-2 infection success in Ae. aegypti, possibly through its regulation of autophagy.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Apoptosis-related genes control autophagy and influence DENV-2 infection in the mosquito vector, Aedes aegypti

Eng

Zuylen

Severson

2016

Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

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“…Densoviruses, like all parvoviruses, replicate in somatic cells. Infection in arthropods leads to respiratory impairment [37] and triggering of apoptosis [38], and has been linked to elevated mortality in crustacea [29, 39]. The discovery of a penstyldensovirus genome fragment in Patiriella regularis raises interesting questions about its role in host ecology.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surveillance of densoviruses and mesomycetozoans inhabiting grossly normal tissues of three New Zealand asteroid species

Hewson

Sewell

2020

Preprint

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Asteroid wasting events and mass mortality have occurred for over a century. We currently lack a fundamental understanding of the microbial ecology of asteroid disease, with disease investigations hindered by sparse information about the microorganisms associated with grossly normal specimens. We surveilled viruses and protists associated with grossly normal specimens of three asteroid species (Patiriella regularis, Stichaster australis, Coscinasterias muricata) on the North Island, New Zealand, using metagenomes prepared from virus and ribosome-sized material. We discovered several densovirus-like genome fragments in our RNA and DNA metagenomic libraries. Subsequent survey of their prevalence within populations by quantitative PCR (qPCR) demonstrated their occurrence in only a few (13 %) specimens (n = 36). Survey of large and small subunit rRNAs in metagenomes revealed the presence of a mesomycete (most closely matching Ichthyosporea sp.). Survey of large subunit prevalence and load by qPCR revealed that it is widely detectable (80%) and present predominately in body wall tissues across all 3 species of asteroid. Our results raise interesting questions about the roles of these microbiome constituents in host ecology and pathogenesis under changing ocean conditions.

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“…pipiens , which are also competent vectors for several zoonotic viruses important to public health (Carlson, Suchman, & Buchatsky, ; Ng et al, ; Ren, Hoiczyk, & Rasgon, ; Shi et al, ; Zhai et al, ; Zhang et al, ). Although it is still not clear how MDVs cause larval mortality, it appears that MDVs increase cellular apoptosis which may be the reason for this mechanism (Roekring & Smith, ). Taking advantage of this natural larval mortality rate, MDVs can be used to decrease mosquito densities by reducing reproduction rate and therefore lower the ability to carry pathogens (Burivong, Pattanakitsakul, Thongrungkiat, Malasit, & Flegel, ; Carlson et al, ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A viral metagenomic analysis reveals rich viral abundance and diversity in mosquitoes from pig farms

Hameed

Liu

Anwar

et al. 2019

Transbound Emerg Dis

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Mosquitoes harbour a diversity of viruses and are responsible for several mosquito‐borne viral diseases of humans and animals, thereby leading to major public health concerns, and significant economic losses across the globe. Viral metagenomics offers a great opportunity for bulk analysis of viral genomes retrieved directly from environmental samples. In this study, we performed a viral metagenomic analysis of five pools of mosquitoes belonging to Aedes, Anopheles and Culex species, collected from different pig farms in the vicinity of Shanghai, China, to explore the viral community carried by mosquitoes. The resulting metagenomic data revealed that viral community in the mosquitoes was highly diverse and varied in abundance among pig farms, which comprised of more than 48 viral taxonomic families, specific to vertebrates, invertebrates, plants, fungi, bacteria and protozoa. In addition, a considerable number of viral reads were related to viruses that are not classified by host. The read sequences related to animal viruses included parvoviruses, anelloviruses, circoviruses, flavivirus, rhabdovirus and seadornaviruses, which might be taken up by mosquitoes from viremic animal hosts during blood feeding. Notably, sample G1 contained the most abundant sequence related to Banna virus, which is of public health interest because it causes encephalitis in humans. Furthermore, non‐classified viruses also shared considerable virus sequences in all the samples, presumably belonging to unexplored virus category. Overall, the present study provides a comprehensive knowledge of diverse viral populations carried by mosquitoes at pig farms, which is a potential source of diseases for mammals including humans and animals. These viral metagenomic data are valuable for assessment of emerging and re‐emerging viral epidemics.

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Induction of apoptosis in densovirus infected Aedes aegypti mosquitoes

Cited by 9 publications

References 16 publications

Apoptosis-related genes control autophagy and influence DENV-2 infection in the mosquito vector, Aedes aegypti

Apoptosis-related genes control autophagy and influence DENV-2 infection in the mosquito vector, Aedes aegypti

Surveillance of densoviruses and mesomycetozoans inhabiting grossly normal tissues of three New Zealand asteroid species

A viral metagenomic analysis reveals rich viral abundance and diversity in mosquitoes from pig farms

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