Induction conditions for somatic and microspore-derived structures and detection of haploid status by isozyme analysis in anther culture of caraway (Carum carvi L.)

Smýkalová, Iva; Horáček, J.; Kubošiová, Michaela; Šmirous, Prokop; Soukup, Aleš; Gasmanová, N.; Griga, Miroslav

doi:10.1007/s11627-011-9386-z

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…It is known that in androgenesis of triticale, spontaneous doubling of the chromosome number is relatively common. However, diploids may also originate from somatic tissues of the anther (Corral-Martínez et al 2011;Smykalova et al 2012). Genotyping performed here clearly shows that all regenerants were derived from microspores and were homozygous for specific alleles (the source plants were F 1 hybrids, heterozygous at many tested loci).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

The origin of clones among androgenic regenerants of hexaploid triticale

2014

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Doubled haploids (DH) have become a standard tool in breeding and genetic studies of many crops and in most cases androgenesis is the only available route of their production. It has been recently observed that some populations of DH lines obtained via androgenesis contain high proportions of clones. This seriously reduces the efficiency of breeding and may jeopardize genetic studies. This study was designed to determine at which stage of androgenesis these clones are created, using samples set aside during routine production of DH lines in breeding of hexaploid triticale. The fate of each androgenic structure was carefully followed through the entire regeneration process, and all obtained plants were genotyped using DNA markers. Overall, 189 plants were regenerated forming 33 families, each originating from a single original androgenic structure (callus, polyembryos). In ca. 80 % of cases all members of a family were genetically identical. However, in about 20 % of cases the families of regenerants were genetically heterogeneous, showing that not all androgenic structures originate from single microspores.The evidence shown here demonstrates that retention of single plants from each original structure guarantees the production of only unique genotypes but it reduces the total output of plants. If maximum output is desired, multiple regenerants from single callus can be retained but must be genotyped using at least 10 polymorphic markers to identify clones.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

The origin of clones among androgenic regenerants of hexaploid triticale

2014

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“…More recently, isozyme native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis has been used as an efficient technique for the identification of haploids/doubled haploids, and also for determination of the frequency of spontaneous diploidization of regenerated plants of microspore origin (Smykalova et al 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pseudo-embryogenic structures in anther and isolated microspore cultures in vitro: a cautionary guide

Bal¹,

Shariatpanahi²,

Castro³

et al. 2012

Czech J. Genet. Plant Breed.

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This review describes sources of structures of non-microspore origin observed in anther and microspore cultures. Various characteristics of these structures may cause a wrong diagnosis of these structures as embryos or cell/tissue clusters of microspore origin. Here we suggest such structures to be named as pseudoembryogenic structures. The introduction of pseudo-embryogenic structures and their origins could be helpful to distinguish them from true microspore-derived structures. Prompted by certain environmental cues, somatic cells existing as a contamination in immature pollen (microspores) cultures can lead to the formation of 'pseudo-embryos' commonly known as embryoids. The pseudo-embryogenic structures may be classified in the following groups: (i) pseudo-star-like structures; pseudo-multicellular structures; (ii) pseudo-embryos with pseudo-suspensors; (iii) contaminating bacteria appearing as callus colonies; (iv) calli and embryos of somatic origin; (v) giant tetrad-like structures; (vi) anther wall cells. The exact origin of these structures is discussed in this paper, and some recommendations are proposed in order to avoid misinterpretation.

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“…The occurrence of euploids and aneuploids has been noted among regenerants from the anther/ovule culture in other species [4,46,47,115]. The development of euploids may be caused by spontaneous chromosome set multiplication, but also regeneration from the tapetum cells, which, by nature, undergoes extensive polyploidization and has been observed in caraway anther culture [122]. Aneuploids might be a result of numerical and structural chromosomal aberrations caused by stress treatments or culture medium composition [123,124].…”

Section: Identification Of Haploids and Double Haploidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bartošová et al [134] applied an analysis of acid phosphatase (ACP) and peroxidase (POX) isoenzymesto verify the gametic origin of flax plants obtainedfrom anther cultures and ovule cultures. Smykalova et al [122] reported the use of esterase (EST) to study the homozygosity of caraway plants obtained from anther cultures.…”

Section: Identification Of Haploids and Double Haploidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

History and Current Status of Haploidization in Carrot (Daucus carota L.)

Kiełkowska

Kiszczak

2023

Agronomy

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The induction of haploid cell development into normal plants enables the production of doubled haploid lines, which are homozygous and can be used in breeding programs as an alternative to conventionally derived inbred lines. In this paper, we present the historical background and current status of the attempts of haploid induction in carrot (Daucus carota L.). Economically, carrot is one of the most important vegetables. It is an outcrossing diploid (2n = 2x = 18) species. Nowadays, the seeds of hybrid cultivars constitute the majority of the carrot seeds sold in the world. Hybrid cultivars of carrot are produced using inbred populations. Inbreeding in this species is difficult due to an inbreeding depression and is also time-consuming, as it is a biennial crop. Therefore, the implementation of the haploidization technology into the breeding programs of carrot is of high interest. Androgenesis, gynogenesis and induced parthenogenesis are the methods that have been used for haploid induction, and their potential in haploidization of carrot is discussed. The centromere-specific histone 3 variant (CENH3) and its manipulation in carrot is also acknowledged.

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Induction conditions for somatic and microspore-derived structures and detection of haploid status by isozyme analysis in anther culture of caraway (Carum carvi L.)

Cited by 8 publications

References 25 publications

The origin of clones among androgenic regenerants of hexaploid triticale

The origin of clones among androgenic regenerants of hexaploid triticale

Pseudo-embryogenic structures in anther and isolated microspore cultures in vitro: a cautionary guide

History and Current Status of Haploidization in Carrot (Daucus carota L.)

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