Inducing vortices in a Bose-Einstein condensate using holographically produced light beams

Brachmann, J.; Bakr, Waseem; Gillen, Jonathon; Peng, Amy; Greiner, Markus

doi:10.1364/oe.19.012984

Cited by 26 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…As a consequence the density distribution will adjust itself, and in ground state condensates dark solitons [38], as well as vortices [39,40] have been created this way. However, the phase imprinting methods can also be used to annihilate a vortex from the lattice by applying a phase profile of opposite winding to remove the vortex phase singularity.…”

Section: Phase Imprinting Defectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Topological defect dynamics of vortex lattices in Bose-Einstein condensates

O’Riordan

Busch

2016

Phys. Rev. A

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Vortex lattices in rapidly rotating Bose-Einstein condensates are systems of topological excitations that arrange themselves into periodic patterns. Here we show how phase-imprinting techniques can be used to create a controllable number of defects in these lattices and examine the resulting dynamics. Even though we describe our system using the mean-field Gross-Pitaevskii theory, the full range of many particle effects among the vortices can be studied. In particular we find the existence of localized vacancies that are quasi-stable over long periods of time, and characterize the effects on the background lattice through use of the orientational correlation function, and Delaunay triangulation.

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Section: Phase Imprinting Defectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Topological defect dynamics of vortex lattices in Bose-Einstein condensates

O’Riordan

Busch

2016

Phys. Rev. A

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“…This occurs due to the transfer of OAM from light to matter. Similar transfer has been used to create and manipulate vortex states of atomic Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) [25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32]. Under paraxial approximation OAM and SAM are decoupled.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction of a Laguerre–Gaussian beam with trapped Rydberg atoms

Mukherjee

Majumder

Mondal³

et al. 2017

J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys.

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Transfer mechanism of orbital angular moment(OAM) of light to trapped ground-state atoms under paraxial approximation is well known. Here we show how optical OAM of a LaguerreGaussian(LG) beam under paraxial approximation can be transferred to trapped Rydberg atoms.Optical OAM is shown to be transferable to a Rydberg electronic state in dipole transition. The Gaussian part of the profile of the LG beam, which is generally neglected , is found to have an important effect on the OAM transfer to the Rydberg atoms. Numerical calculations are calculated based on this theory for Rubidium Rydberg atoms trapped in a harmonic potential. Our results exhibit the mixing of final states of different parities. * sonjoym@phy.iitkgp.ernet.in

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“…1. An implementation of such a scheme would expand the research in rotating condensates [14] and artificial gauge fields in general [15][16][17], which was mainly focused on increasing the flux densities to reach exotic states of matter, such as the quantum Hall regime [18].An artificial magnetic field B art is created by imprinting an angular momentum and thus rotation on a cloud of neutral atoms. Neglecting interatomic interactions in the dilute cloud above T c , the corresponding change in the free energy of the cloud of radius R containing N atoms is…”

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confidence: 99%

“…The suggested scheme is based on modifying the standard Λ-scheme [16,17]. There the electronic ground state of an atom is Zeeman-split into two close sublevels, |g 1,2 with energies ε 1 ≈ ε 2 coupled to a single excited state, |e , of energy ε e by two laser beams, with the second being detuned by frequency δ from the resonance (ε e − ε 2 )/ .…”

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Fluctuation susceptibility of ultracold bosons in the vicinity of condensation in the presence of an artificial magnetic field

2016

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We study the behavior of ultracold bosonic gases in the critical region above the Bose-Einstein condensation in the presence of an artificial magnetic field, Bart. We show that the condensate fluctuations above the critical temperature Tc cause the fluctuational susceptibility, χ fl , of a uniform gas to have a stronger power-law divergence than in an analogous superconducting system. Measuring such a divergence opens new ways of exploring critical properties of ultracold gases and an opportunity of an accurate determination of Tc. We describe a method of measuring χ fl which requires a constant gradient in Bart and suggest a way of creating such a field in experiment.PACS numbers: 03.75.Hh Amongst intensive simulation of condensed-matter effects in cold atomic gases (see [1][2][3] for reviews), considerable attention was focused both on similarities and on striking differences in properties of superconducting systems on the one hand and ultra-cold Bose systems on the other (see [4] for review). Yet, the impact of fluctuations of the condensate order parameter above a critical temperature T c remains to be observed in atomic gases.In the vicinity of T c , i.e. for |τ | 1 where τ ≡ T /T c −1 is a reduced temperature, superconductivity can be described within the Ginzburg-Landau mean-field (MF) theory [5]. Its tremendous success for conventional clean superconductors is based on irrelevancy of the fluctuations for all achievable temperatures due the smallness of the Ginzburg number, Gi ∼ 10 −12 ÷10 −14 . Here the Ginzburg number Gi defines the temperature interval, |τ | Gi, where fluctuational effects dominate [6]. However, Gi is much larger in dirty superconductors so that temperatures τ ∼ Gi become attainable. In the temperature interval Gi τ 1 the MF results still dominate but fluctuational corrections become observable and lead to a sharp power-law τ -dependence of conductivity [7] and magnetic response [8] above T c . The observations made in Refs. [7,8] were in excellent agreement with perturbative predictions by Aslamazov and Larkin, Maki, and Thompson [9,10].No similar observations exist for gases of cold bosons where analogs of the magnetic susceptibility and conductivity are not readily available for measurements. On the other hand, the Ginzburg number Gi 1 for a typical dilute cold bosonic gas: although it is proportional to a small gas parameter, the numerical coefficient is large, see Eq. (6) below. This makes the order-parameter fluctuations above T c strong and their effects potentially observable.In this Letter we analyze the fluctuational contribution, χ fl , to the susceptibility of a cold bosonic cloud in an artificial magnetic field, B art , and suggest how to measure it. Up to now experimental studies of properties of the BEC phase transition were mostly aimed at the divergent correlation length [11,12]. Studying experimentally the critical susceptibility would allow one to measure another critical exponent thus building a more comprehensive picture of the phase transition.We show that th...

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Inducing vortices in a Bose-Einstein condensate using holographically produced light beams

Cited by 26 publications

References 45 publications

Topological defect dynamics of vortex lattices in Bose-Einstein condensates

Topological defect dynamics of vortex lattices in Bose-Einstein condensates

Interaction of a Laguerre–Gaussian beam with trapped Rydberg atoms

Fluctuation susceptibility of ultracold bosons in the vicinity of condensation in the presence of an artificial magnetic field

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