Induced resistance enzymes in wild plants–do ‘early birds’ escape from pathogen attack?

Heil, Martin; Ploss, Kerstin

doi:10.1007/s00114-006-0129-7

Cited by 16 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 24 publications

(15 reference statements)

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“…The activities of the defence-related enzymes cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase (CAD, EC 1.1.1.195) and peroxidase (POX; EC 1.11.1.7) were determined as described by Boyle and Walters (2006), while β-1,3-glucanase (EC 3.2.1.6) was determined as described by Heil and Ploss (2006). The enzyme assays were scaled down in order to allow them to be carried out using 96-well microtitre plates.…”

Section: Enzyme Assaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Existing infection with Rhynchosporium secalis compromises the ability of barley to express induced resistance

et al. 2010

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It has been suggested that if plants in the field are already induced, their ability to further enhance induced resistance might be compromised. This was examined in barley by inoculating the first two leaves with Rhynchosporium secalis prior to treatment of leaves three and four with an elicitor combination, followed by inoculation with R. secalis. The elicitor combination used consisted of acibenzolar-S-methyl, β-aminobutyric acid, and cis-jasmone, which was shown previously to provide higher levels of disease control in barley than any of the components used individually. The elicitor combination reduced infection by R. secalis, and led to an up-regulation of PR1-b, a marker gene for systemic acquired resistance, and increased activities of the defence-related enzymes cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase (CAD), peroxidase (POX), and β-1,3-glucanase. It also led to downregulation of LOX2, a gene involved in biosynthesis of jasmonic acid. In plants where the first two leaves were inoculated with R. secalis prior to treatment of leaves three and four with elicitor, these increased defence responses did not occur, and control of R. secalis infection on leaves three and four was also reduced. These results suggest that, at least in young barley plants, prior infection with R. secalis compromises their ability to respond effectively to elicitors. The results might help to explain the relatively poor performance of induced resistance in the field, particularly in cereals, compared to plants grown under controlled conditions.

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Section: Enzyme Assaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Existing infection with Rhynchosporium secalis compromises the ability of barley to express induced resistance

et al. 2010

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“…(Taylor and Markham 1978). Heil and Ploss (2006) reported minimal induced disease resistance in lesser celandine but noted that its ephemeral habit may allow it to grow and reproduce under low pathogen pressure. The ephemeral nature of lesser celandine reduces viable biocontrol options.…”

Section: Potential For Biological Controlmentioning

confidence: 97%

Lesser Celandine (Ranunculus ficaria): A Threat to Woodland Habitats in the Northern United States and Southern Canada

Axtell

DiTommaso²,

Post

2010

Invasive plant sci. manag.

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Lesser celandine (Ranunculus ficaria) is an ephemeral perennial introduced to North America from Europe for ornamental use. This species is becoming widespread in shady, moist woodlands and lawns in the northern United States and southern Canada. Despite its invasive attributes, lesser celandine continues to be marketed by the nursery sector. A hardy and easy plant to grow, lesser celandine has a dense compact growth form that makes it ideal for border plantings and showy flowers that make it a desirable garden species for early spring color. The species easily escapes cultivation, colonizing primarily moist woodland habitats. Once established, lesser celandine creates a monoculture and is purported to displace native ephemeral species. Several factors make control of lesser celandine difficult, including a large root structure, which facilitates clonal reproduction and spread. The ephemerality of lesser celandine results in a relatively brief window in which to apply control measures. Land managers need to be aware of this common garden species as a potentially invasive weed and need to be able to differentiate it from the similar native marsh marigold. Effective management strategies are needed to protect native woodland understory species and biodiversity in natural and seminatural areas of affected regions.

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“…This hypothesis has been tested on various occasions with positive results. In an interesting study on inducibility of defense-related enzymes in wild plants against pathogen attack, Heil & Ploss (2006) found that plants characterized by different life histories appear to have evolved different strategies to defend themselves against pathogens. These ranged from species differing in longevity (annual or perennial), leaf-shedding manner (evergreen or deciduous), latitudinal range, and level of drought experienced in the native habitat.…”

Section: Herbivorymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Evolution of Plant Defense

Walters

2010

Plant Defense

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Induced resistance enzymes in wild plants–do ‘early birds’ escape from pathogen attack?

Cited by 16 publications

References 24 publications

Existing infection with Rhynchosporium secalis compromises the ability of barley to express induced resistance

Existing infection with Rhynchosporium secalis compromises the ability of barley to express induced resistance

Lesser Celandine (Ranunculus ficaria): A Threat to Woodland Habitats in the Northern United States and Southern Canada

The Evolution of Plant Defense

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