Induced pluripotent stem cell‐conditional medium inhibits H9C2 cardiomyocytes apoptosis via autophagy flux and Wnt/β‐catenin pathway

Abstract

Induced pluripotent stem cell‐derived conditioned medium ( iPS ‐ CM ) could improve cell viability in many types of cells and may be a better alternative for the treatment of myocardial infarction. This study aimed to examine the influence of iPS ‐ CM on anti‐apoptosis and the proliferation of H9C2 cardiomyocytes and investigate the underlying mechanisms. H9C2 cardiomyocytes were exposed to 200 μmol/L hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) for 24 hours with or without pre‐treatment with iPS ‐ CM . The ratio of apoptotic cells, the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (△Ψm) and the levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species were analysed by flow cytometric analysis. The expression levels of BCL ‐2 and BAX proteins were analysed by Western blot. Cell proliferation was assessed using cell cycle and EdU staining assays. To study cell senescence, senescence‐associated β‐galactosidase ( SA ‐β‐gal) staining was conducted. The levels of malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase and glutathione were also quantified using commercially available enzymatic kits. The results showed that iPS ‐ CM containing basic fibroblast growth factor significantly reduced H 2 O 2 ‐induced H9C2 cardiomyocyte apoptosis by activating the autophagy flux pathway, promoted cardiomyocyte proliferation by up‐regulating the Wnt/β‐catenin pathway and inhibited oxidative stress and cell senescence. In conclusion, iPS ‐ CM effectively enhanced the cell viability of H9C2 cardiomyocytes and could potentially be used to inhibit cardiomyocytes apoptosis to treat myocardial infarction in the future.

WNT11-Conditioned Medium Promotes Angiogenesis through the Activation of Non-Canonical WNT-PKC-JNK Signaling Pathway

“…We measured the Wnt11 in CdM Wnt11 with semi-quantitative Western blotting. The concentration of Wnt11 in CdM Wnt11 was significantly higher than that in CdM GFP , which is consistent with previous reports that Wnt can be secreted from stem cells [45,46]. Therefore, the cardiac injury following ischemia may be, at least partially, due to the loss of non-canonical Wnt signaling.…”

The secretome of human dental pulp stem cells protects myoblasts from hypoxia‑induced injury via the Wnt/β‑catenin pathway

“…Moreover, Leroux et al (48) reported that MScs, via the Wnt4 pathway, improved skeletal muscle fiber regeneration following ischemic injury. Other studies have also demonstrated activation of the Wnt pathway by MScs (55)(56)(57). The present study found that, in the presence of hdPSc-cM, the levels of Wnt/β-catenin pathway-related proteins, including p-GSK-3β and β-catenin, were upregulated.…”

Potential antibacterial and antifungal activities of novel sulfamidophosphonate derivatives bearing the quinoline or quinolone moiety

“…Substituted 3‐formyl‐2‐quinoline and 3‐formyl‐2‐quinolones, used in our study as starting materials, have been reported for their antimicrobial and antifungal activities. [ 54 ] The literature reports reveal that the quinoline derivatives displayed good antibacterial activity against both Gram‐negative and Gram‐positive bacterial strains [ 55 ] and have immense potential to control methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection. [ 56 ]…”