Indosinian deformation of the Songpan Garzê Fold Belt, northeast Tibetan Plateau

Harrowfield, M.; Wilson, Christopher J.L.

doi:10.1016/j.jsg.2004.06.010

Cited by 169 publications

(158 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The infrastructure commonly comprises ductile partially molten middle crust that is of a similar density but of lesser viscosity than the overlying superstructure (Rushmer 2001;Mecklenburgh and Rutter 2003). The infrastructure is typically dominated by a shallowly dipping to horizontal foliation and recumbent folds with variable axes indicative of penetrative ductile flow (Roger et al 2004;Harrowfield and Wilson 2005;Williams and Jiang 2005). Separation of the superstructure from the infrastructure by an essentially planar crustal-scale décollement is described in the Himalayas (Hodges 2000;Godin 2003;Searle et al 2003), the western Superior Province of Canada (Culshaw et al 2006), the North American Cordillera (Murphy 1987;Vanderhaeghe 1999;Brown and Gibson 2006), and the inner Piedmont of the Appalachians (Hatcher and Merschat 2006).…”

Section: Aimsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fold style and vergence Models presented here are reminiscent of many geological settings that contain a layered competent sequence over a ductile substrate including (but not limited to): foreland fold and thrust belts above a weak (evaporitic) décollement (Fischer and Jackson 1999;McQuarrie 2004;Latta and Anastasio 2007) and a superstructure above a ductile infrastructure (Harrowfield and Wilson 2005;Godin et al 2011). Folds developed in our models without PDMS are similar in style to those in the Nuncios Fold Complex described by Wilkerson et al (2007) where redbeds and wackestones separated by shales form upright box folds which change along the fold hinge into inclined folds.…”

Section: Comparison With Natural Examplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, in the Songpan Garzê fold belt of eastern Tibet upright buckle folds of a Palaeozoic sedimentary succession are separated from a penetratively deformed and locally migmatized granitoid basement across a basal décollement of high-temperature, mid-pressure metamorphosed Devonian-Silurian slates (Calassou 1994;Xu et al 1992;Roger et al 2004;Harrowfield and Wilson 2005). Folds in the cover sequence show axial planes orthogonal to the basal décollement where sheath folds indicate penetrative high shear strain ductile deformation that also locally effects the basement (Roger et al 2004: Harrowfield andWilson 2005). Harrowfield and Wilson (2005) suggest that this represents the transition from a pure-shear dominated cover sequence to a simple-shear dominated ductile substrate.…”

Section: Infolding Versus Ductile Substrate Flowmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Folds in the cover sequence show axial planes orthogonal to the basal décollement where sheath folds indicate penetrative high shear strain ductile deformation that also locally effects the basement (Roger et al 2004: Harrowfield andWilson 2005). Harrowfield and Wilson (2005) suggest that this represents the transition from a pure-shear dominated cover sequence to a simple-shear dominated ductile substrate. Models 61 and 54 preserve a remarkably planar detachment between the detachment zone (PDMS) and the underlying ductile substrate beneath upright folds in the cover sequence, analogous to the proposed development of the SongpanGarzê fold belt (Harrowfield and Wilson 2005).…”

Section: Infolding Versus Ductile Substrate Flowmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Centrifuge modelling of deformation of a multi-layered sequence over a ductile substrate: 1. Style and 4D geometry of active cover folds during layer-parallel shortening

Yakymchuk

Harris

Godin

2011

Int J Earth Sci (Geol Rundsch)

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Centrifuge analogue modelling illustrates the progressive development of active folds in multilayers upon a ductile substrate during layer-parallel shortening. Models simulate folding of a mechanically stratified sedimentary sequence upon migmatitic gneisses in a large hot orogen, or upon a thick basal evaporite ± shale sequence in deeper levels of fold belts. The absence of a weak lowviscosity and low-density layer at the interface promotes infolding of the cover sequence and ductile substrate, whereas a planar upper surface to the basal ductile substrate is preserved when it is present. Whilst fold style, wavelength, and deformation of the interface with the ductile substrate differ depending on whether a low-viscosity and low-density layer is present at the base of the cover sequence, there is no marked systematic curvature of fold axes as seen in previous sandbox models for faultbend or fault propagation folding during bulk shortening. Bulk shortening of a layered sequence with relatively thick individual layers above a ductile substrate promotes a regular and upright train of buckle folds, whereas thinner layers promote a more irregular distribution of buckle folds with variable vergence, style, and amplitude. Buckle folds above a ductile substrate progressively develop during bulk shortening from open and upright, to angular and tight, and may further develop into cuspate structures above relatively weak horizons. Relatively thick weak horizons within the layered sequence during bulk shortening interrupt regular fold patterns up structural section and allow out-of-phase folds to develop above and below the weak horizon.

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Section: Aimsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Comparison With Natural Examplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Infolding Versus Ductile Substrate Flowmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Infolding Versus Ductile Substrate Flowmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Centrifuge modelling of deformation of a multi-layered sequence over a ductile substrate: 1. Style and 4D geometry of active cover folds during layer-parallel shortening

Yakymchuk

Harris

Godin

2011

Int J Earth Sci (Geol Rundsch)

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“…1995; Tapponnier et al, 2001;Roger et al, 2004), deformation (Harrowfield and Wilson, 2005), metamorphism (Wallis et al, 2003;Huang et al, 2003a, b), exhumation (Kirby et al, 2002), and the sedimentary provenances (Bruguier et al, 1997;She et al, 2006;Weislogel et al, 2006). The Longmen Shan thrust belt, sensu stricto, lies between the Songpan-Ganzi block and the western Sichuan Basin (Fig.…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

U-Pb dating, geochemistry, and tectonic implications of the Songpan-Ganzi block and the Longmen Shan, China

Chen

Zhou

et al. 2009

Geochem. J.

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The Songpan-Ganzi triangular tectonic block is surrounded by the East Kunlun-Qaidam block in the north, the Qiangtang block in the southwest, and the Longmen Shan in the southeast. The Longmen Shan is the eastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau in Central Asia. The tectonic affinity and relationship of these regions with the Yangtze and North China blocks have been rigorously debated. In this paper, we present our recent studies on the geochemistry of the Precambrian to Triassic clastic sedimentary rocks from this area. Detrital zircons were extracted from the sedimentary rocks for U-Pb dating by SHRIMP and LA-ICP-MS. Nd depleted mantle model ages indicate that these provenances have an affinity to

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Longriba fault zone in eastern Tibet: An important tectonic boundary marking the westernmost edge of the Yangtze block

Guo

Gao

et al. 2015

Tectonics

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Global Positioning System (GPS) measurements across eastern Tibet reveal a sharp velocity gradient zone located about 150 km west of the Longmen Shan frontal thrust zone, where eastward block motion of Tibet decreases from~12 mm/yr to~3 mm/yr over a distance of less than 10 km. In order to investigate the tectonic cause for this rapid change in GPS velocity, together with systematic review on the available geological and geophysical data in easternmost Tibet, we provide new constraints on the tectonic feature of the Longriba fault zone from Advanced Land Observing Satellite Phased Array type L-band Synthetic Aperture Radar data. We propose that the NE striking Longriba fault zone is the key structure responsible for the observed sharp gradient in GPS velocities. In addition, the evidence indicates that the Longriba fault zone, instead of the Longmen Shan fault zone, marks the westernmost edge of the Yangtze crustal block. Given the irregular western margin of the Yangtze block, the Longriba fault zone represents part of the actual tectonic boundary between the Songpan-Ganzi terrane and the Yangtze block. The newly identified western edge of the Yangtze block implies a paleocontinent-ocean boundary at depth. This boundary was a potential weak zone and may have been exploited during the formation of the Longriba fault zone. The results of this paper should advance our understanding of the tectonic relationship between the Songpan-Ganzi terrane and Yangtze block and provide additional constraints for studies of the geodynamic response of eastern Tibet to the ongoing India-Eurasia collision.

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Indosinian deformation of the Songpan Garzê Fold Belt, northeast Tibetan Plateau

Cited by 169 publications

References 20 publications

Centrifuge modelling of deformation of a multi-layered sequence over a ductile substrate: 1. Style and 4D geometry of active cover folds during layer-parallel shortening

Centrifuge modelling of deformation of a multi-layered sequence over a ductile substrate: 1. Style and 4D geometry of active cover folds during layer-parallel shortening

U-Pb dating, geochemistry, and tectonic implications of the Songpan-Ganzi block and the Longmen Shan, China

Longriba fault zone in eastern Tibet: An important tectonic boundary marking the westernmost edge of the Yangtze block

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