“…To date, studies of VOCs in India have tended to focus on specific sources (e.g., petrol stations, petroleum refineries, vehicle, or evaporative emissions) [26][27][28][29][30]. A few studies have sought to characterize pollutants in indoor environments, but have targeted these efforts to kitchens [31][32][33][34], university campuses (e.g., in libraries, dormitories, campus shops) [35,36], or public spaces (e.g., restaurants, shops, shrines, temples) [37], or in other non-residential locations (i.e., a laboratory, a recently renovated central hall in a library, and a room with no apparent sources of VOCs) [34] or have characterized pollutants generated during specific events (e.g., ceremonies) [38,39]. A gap remains in identifying and quantifying VOCs in homes during normal daily activities, and especially in homes that do not rely on the combustion of biomass for cooking and heating.…”