Indoor tanning and non-melanoma skin cancer: systematic review and meta-analysis

Wehner, Mackenzie R.; Shive, Melissa; Chren, Mary‐Margaret; Han, Jiali; Qureshi, Abrar A.; Linos, Eleni

doi:10.1136/bmj.e5909

Cited by 301 publications

(270 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…However it should be noted that the body areas not being exposed to the sun earlier, also receive UV radiation with the current popularity of indoor tanning and sunbathing. [23,36] This is evident from the study of Hollestein et al [35] that SCC can also occur in the trunk and have an absolute risk of 2 per 100,000. But this is still low as compared to 11.9 per 100,000 for face.…”

Section: Absolute Risk From Nlo Biopsiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating the risk of squamous cell cancer induction in skin following nonlinear optical imaging

Thomas

Nadiarnykh

Voskuilen

et al. 2013

Journal of Biophotonics

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High power femto‐second (fs) laser pulses used for in‐vivo nonlinear optical (NLO) imaging can form cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPD) in DNA, which may lead to carcinogenesis via subsequent mutations. Since UV radiation from routine sun exposure is the primary source of CPD lesions, we evaluated the risk of CPD‐related squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in human skin due to NLO imaging relative to that from sun exposure. We developed a unique cancer risk model expanding previously published estimation of risk from exposure to continuous wave (CW) laser. This new model showed that the increase in CPD‐related SCC in skin from NLO imaging is negligible above that due to regular sun exposure. (© 2014 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)

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Section: Absolute Risk From Nlo Biopsiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating the risk of squamous cell cancer induction in skin following nonlinear optical imaging

Thomas

Nadiarnykh

Voskuilen

et al. 2013

Journal of Biophotonics

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“…14,15 Two recent studies provide estimates of the number of skin cancers that may be caused by indoor tanning each year; more than 170,000 cases of squamous and basal cell carcinomas of the skin may be due to indoor tanning in the U.S. annually, and more than 3400 cases of melanoma may be due to indoor tanning in Europe. 16,17 Melanoma causes more deaths than any other skin cancer, and its incidence is increasing, particularly among non-Hispanic whites and women; increases have also been noted among all tumor thicknesses. 18 Additionally, melanoma is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers among adolescents and young adults in the U.S. 19,20 Indoor tanning before age 35 years increases the risk of melanoma by 60%-80% or more, possibly because of longer duration of use.…”

Section: Indoor Tanning and Cancer Riskmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preventing Skin Cancer Through Reduction of Indoor Tanning

Watson

Holman

Fox³

et al. 2013

American Journal of Preventive Medicine

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Exposure to ultraviolet radiation from indoor tanning devices (tanning beds, booths, and sun lamps) or from the sun contributes to the risk of skin cancer, including melanoma, which is the type of skin cancer responsible for most deaths. Indoor tanning is common among certain groups, especially among older adolescents and young adults, adolescent girls and young women, and non-Hispanic whites. Increased understanding of the health risks associated with indoor tanning has led to many efforts to reduce use. Most environmental and systems efforts in the U.S. (e.g., age limits or requiring parental consent/accompaniment) have occurred at the state level. At the national level, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration and the Federal Trade Commission regulate indoor tanning devices and advertising, respectively.The current paper provides a brief review of (1) the evidence on indoor tanning as a risk factor for skin cancer; (2) factors that may influence use of indoor tanning devices at the population level; and (3) various environmental and systems options available for consideration when developing strategies to reduce indoor tanning. This information provides the context and background for the companion paper in this issue of the American Journal of Preventive Medicine, which summarizes highlights from an informal expert meeting convened by the CDC in August 2012 to identify opportunities to prevent skin cancer by reducing use of indoor tanning devices.

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“…Two studies other than our earlier study investigated BCC occurrence in relation to age when exposed to indoor tanning. 22 The Nurse' s Health Study studied 73 494 female married nurses, of whom 5506 developed a BCC. In this study, number of times per year participants reported using a tanning bed was associated with risk of BCC, particularly among those who used tanning beds at a younger age, such as during high school or college; the relative risk for 4 times per year compared with no use in high school or college was 1.40, and for 25 to 35 years of age it was 1.19.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early-Onset Basal Cell Carcinoma and Indoor Tanning: A Population-Based Study

2014

PEDIATRICS

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WHAT'S KNOWN ON THIS SUBJECT: Indoor tanning has gained widespread popularity among adolescents and young adults. Incidence rates of early-onset basal cell carcinoma also appear to be rising. Scant evidence exists on the impacts of early exposure and whether it leads to early occurrence of this malignancy. WHAT THIS STUDY ADDS:In a US population-based study, indoor tanning was associated with an elevated risk of basal cell carcinomas occurring at or before the age of 50 years, with an increasing trend in risk with younger age at exposure among adolescents and young adults. abstract OBJECTIVE: Indoor tanning with UV radiation-emitting lamps is common among adolescents and young adults. Rising incidence rates of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) have been reported for the United States and elsewhere, particularly among those diagnosed at younger ages. Recent epidemiologic studies have raised concerns that indoor tanning may be contributing to early occurrence of BCC, and younger people may be especially vulnerable to cancer risk associated with this exposure. Therefore, we sought to address these issues in a population-based case-control study from New Hampshire. METHODS:Data on indoor tanning were obtained on 657 cases of BCC and 452 controls #50 years of age.RESULTS: Early-onset BCC was related to indoor tanning, with an adjusted odds ratio (OR) of 1.6 (95% confidence interval, 1.3-2.1). The strongest association was observed for first exposure as an adolescent or young adult, with a 10% increase in the OR with each age younger at first exposure (OR per year of age #23 = 1.1; 95% confidence interval, 1.0-1.2). Associations were present for each type of device examined (ie, sunlamps, tanning beds, and tanning booths). CONCLUSIONS:Our findings suggest early exposure to indoor tanning increases the risk of early development of BCC. They also underscore the importance of counseling adolescents and young adults about the risks of indoor tanning and for discouraging parents from consenting minors to this practice. Pediatrics 2014;134:e4-e12 AUTHORS:

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Indoor tanning and non-melanoma skin cancer: systematic review and meta-analysis

Cited by 301 publications

References 47 publications

Estimating the risk of squamous cell cancer induction in skin following nonlinear optical imaging

Estimating the risk of squamous cell cancer induction in skin following nonlinear optical imaging

Preventing Skin Cancer Through Reduction of Indoor Tanning

Early-Onset Basal Cell Carcinoma and Indoor Tanning: A Population-Based Study

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