Indoor Spatial Updating with Reduced Visual Information

Legge, Gordon E.; Gage, Rachel; Baek, Yihwa; Bochsler, Tiana M.

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0150708

Cited by 19 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…The good performance of these subjects is consistent with previous findings that artificial blur (in the range 20/500–20/800) had little impact on the perceived distance of visible objects for normally sighted subjects. 21,22 But in our previous study, 13 we found that normally sighted subjects with severe blur (logMAR 1.65), but not mild blur (logMAR 0.83), exhibited larger errors in room-size judgments. Only two of our low-vision subjects had acuities similar to or worse than the “severe blur”—LV05 (logMAR 1.62) and LV17 (logMAR 1.96).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

“…36,37 Our previous study included conditions in which normally sighted subjects were pushed in a wheelchair along the three-segment paths to determine if reduced proprioceptive input would result in poorer spatial updating. 13 The wheelchair subjects did not exhibit poorer updating performance than the walking subjects, nor did they show greater dependence on visual condition. These results confirm that vestibular cues can be effective for spatial updating.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…A more reliable cue was likely the angle of declination between the line of sight and the wall–floor boundary. 13,21 In most of the spaces, the contrast between the wall and the floor was high due to differences in surface materials or to differences in illumination from windows or overhead lights.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For the low-vision group, we recruited subjects with a wide range of acuities and several with peripheral field loss because our previous study 13 indicated that severe blur and severe field restriction affected task performance for subjects with normal vision. Field loss was classified into three categories, based on self-report—central (C), peripheral (P), and none (N).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In our previous study, 13 normally sighted subjects estimated room dimensions with and without visual restrictions. With unrestricted vision, mean errors in judging room dimensions were near 20%.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Indoor Spatial Updating With Impaired Vision

Legge

Granquist

Baek

et al. 2016

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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PurposeSpatial updating is the ability to keep track of position and orientation while moving through an environment. We asked how normally sighted and visually impaired subjects compare in spatial updating and in estimating room dimensions.MethodsGroups of 32 normally sighted, 16 low-vision, and 16 blind subjects estimated the dimensions of six rectangular rooms. Updating was assessed by guiding the subjects along three-segment paths in the rooms. At the end of each path, they estimated the distance and direction to the starting location, and to a designated target. Spatial updating was tested in five conditions ranging from free viewing to full auditory and visual deprivation.ResultsThe normally sighted and low-vision groups did not differ in their accuracy for judging room dimensions. Correlations between estimated size and physical size were high. Accuracy of low-vision performance was not correlated with acuity, contrast sensitivity, or field status. Accuracy was lower for the blind subjects. The three groups were very similar in spatial-updating performance, and exhibited only weak dependence on the nature of the viewing conditions.ConclusionsPeople with a wide range of low-vision conditions are able to judge room dimensions as accurately as people with normal vision. Blind subjects have difficulty in judging the dimensions of quiet rooms, but some information is available from echolocation. Vision status has little impact on performance in simple spatial updating; proprioceptive and vestibular cues are sufficient.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Indoor Spatial Updating With Impaired Vision

Legge

Granquist

Baek

et al. 2016

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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Let me be your guide: physical guidance improves spatial learning for older adults with simulated low vision

2017

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Monitoring one's safety during low vision navigation demands limited attentional resources which may impair spatial learning of the environment. In studies of younger adults, we have shown that these mobility monitoring demands can be alleviated, and spatial learning subsequently improved, via the presence of a physical guide during navigation. The present study extends work with younger adults to an older adult sample with simulated low vision. We test the effect of physical guidance on improving spatial learning as well as general age-related changes in navigation ability. Participants walked with and without a physical guide on novel real-world paths in an indoor environment and pointed to remembered target locations. They completed concurrent measures of cognitive load on the trials. Results demonstrate an improvement in learning under low vision conditions with a guide compared to walking without a guide. However, our measure of cognitive load did not vary between guidance conditions. We also conducted a cross-age comparison and found support for age-related declines in spatial learning generally and greater effects of physical guidance with increasing age.

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Going the distance and beyond: simulated low vision increases perception of distance traveled during locomotion

Rand

Barhorst-Cates

Kiris

et al. 2018

Psychological Research

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In a series of experiments, we tested the hypothesis that severely degraded viewing conditions during locomotion distort the perception of distance traveled. Some research suggests that there is little-to-no systematic error in perceiving closer distances from a static viewpoint with severely degraded acuity and contrast sensitivity (which we will refer to as blur). However, several related areas of research-extending across domains of perception, attention, and spatial learning-suggest that degraded acuity and contrast sensitivity would affect estimates of distance traveled during locomotion. In a first experiment, we measured estimations of distance traveled in a real-world locomotion task and found that distances were overestimated with blur compared to normal vision using two measures: verbal reports and visual matching (Experiments 1 a, b, and c). In Experiment 2, participants indicated their estimate of the length of a previously traveled path by actively walking an equivalent distance in a viewing condition that either matched their initial path (e.g., blur/blur) or did not match (e.g., blur/normal). Overestimation in blur was found only when participants learned the path in blur and made estimates in normal vision (not in matched blur learning/judgment trials), further suggesting a reliance on dynamic visual information in estimates of distance traveled. In Experiment 3, we found evidence that perception of speed is similarly affected by the blur vision condition, showing an overestimation in perception of speed experienced in wheelchair locomotion during blur compared to normal vision. Taken together, our results demonstrate that severely degraded acuity and contrast sensitivity may increase people's tendency to overestimate perception of distance traveled, perhaps because of an increased perception of speed of self-motion.

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Indoor Spatial Updating with Reduced Visual Information

Cited by 19 publications

References 45 publications

Indoor Spatial Updating With Impaired Vision

Indoor Spatial Updating With Impaired Vision

Let me be your guide: physical guidance improves spatial learning for older adults with simulated low vision

Going the distance and beyond: simulated low vision increases perception of distance traveled during locomotion

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