Indoor radon concentration, outdoor gamma dose rates and impact of geology in the Dhirkot area, Azad Jammu and Kashmir, sub-Himalayas, Pakistan

Measurement of radon concentration levels in Pakistan: An overview

“…According to Iqbal et al 53 radon concentration ranged from 36 AE 14 to 195 AE 27 Bqm -3 with a mean radon concentration of 121 AE 26 Bqm -3 measured in Dhirkot. Rafique et al 56 conducted a pre-and postearthquake comparison in Muzaffarabad city and Jhelum valley of the Azad Jammu and Kashmir state of Pakistan and a higher post-earthquake indoor radon concentration levels were found as compared to that of the pre-earthquake values.…”

“…In another study in 2008, indoor radon concentrations were measured in Mirpur through CN-85 box-type dosimeters by Iqbal et al 50 and in older and newly built houses in Muzaffarabad city through CN-85 box-type dosimeters by Rafique et al in 2009. 51 Furthermore in 2010, 80 houses were investigated for indoor radon concentrations by Rafique et al, in District Poonch 52 while Iqbal et al 53 measured indoor radon concentrations in Dhirkot using SSNTDs. 53 In the same year, radon monitoring in water resources of Balakot and Mansehra cities was done by Khan et al 54 The measurements were made on a Pylon system that is based on the radon gas measurement with a Lucas cell.…”

“…51 Furthermore in 2010, 80 houses were investigated for indoor radon concentrations by Rafique et al, in District Poonch 52 while Iqbal et al 53 measured indoor radon concentrations in Dhirkot using SSNTDs. 53 In the same year, radon monitoring in water resources of Balakot and Mansehra cities was done by Khan et al 54 The measurements were made on a Pylon system that is based on the radon gas measurement with a Lucas cell. Furthermore, SSNTD technique through CR-39 detectors in box-type dosimeters was used to measure indoor radon concentrations in schools of Azad Kashmir.…”

Indoor radon concentration levels, gamma dose rates and impact of geology – A case study in Kotli, State of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, sub-Himalayas, in Pakistan

“…Many surveys have been conducted in various countries to determine the radon concentration in different types of dwellings and inhabited buildings (Karpinska et al, 2002;Sundal et al, 2004;Reddy et al, 2003;Makelainen et al, 2001;Singh et al, 2004;Singh et al, 2005). In Pakistan various authors have reported the indoor radon concentration in dwellings (Akram et al, 2005;Tufail et al, 1992;Iqbal et al, 2010;Khan et al, 2005;Rahman et al, 2008;Faheem et al, 2008). The correlation between indoor radon and gamma dose rates have been reported by (Fujimoto, 1998;Makelain et al, 2001;Pilkyte et al, 2005).…”

Indoor radon concentration: impact of geology in the 2005 Kashmir earthquake-affected Bagh area, Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan

“…The local pucka, semi-pucka and kucha houses terminology was used during this investigation Dosimètre de type boîte constitué de 2 détecteurs CN-85 utilisé pour la mesure du radon dans les habitations de la région de Bagh, Azard Jammu et Cachemire, Pakistan. (Iqbal et al, 2008(Iqbal et al, , 2010. The dwellings built of concrete beam and pillar structures, concrete blocks, bricks and sandstone with external and internal cement plaster with roofs and floors of concrete are known as pucka houses.…”