Indoor Optical Wireless Systems: Technology, Trends, and Applications

Koonen, Ton

doi:10.1109/jlt.2017.2787614

Cited by 193 publications

(107 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Among different types of OWC technologies have been developed, there are two major categories of OWC technologies that can be identified as potential tools to provide high bandwidth and low-latency connectivity for emerging IoT applications [63]. These categories are visible light communication (VLC), and beam-steered infrared light communication (BS-ILC) [69]. 1) VLC: VLC uses the laser emitting diode (LED) illumination infrastructure to provide multi-gigabit wireless connectivity by employing diverse modulation scheme ranging from simple on-off keying (OOK) to quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) [70], [71].…”

Section: A Short-range Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

IoT Connectivity Technologies and Applications: A Survey

et al. 2020

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The Internet of Things (IoT) is rapidly becoming an integral part of our life and also multiple industries. We expect to see the number of IoT connected devices explosively grows and will reach hundreds of billions during the next few years. To support such a massive connectivity, various wireless technologies are investigated. In this survey, we provide a broad view of the existing wireless IoT connectivity technologies and discuss several new emerging technologies and solutions that can be effectively used to enable massive connectivity for IoT. In particular, we categorize the existing wireless IoT connectivity technologies based on coverage range and review diverse types of connectivity technologies with different specifications. We also point out key technical challenges of the existing connectivity technologies for enabling massive IoT connectivity. To address the challenges, we further review and discuss some examples of promising technologies such as compressive sensing (CS) random access, non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA), and massive multiple input multiple output (mMIMO) based random access that could be employed in future standards for supporting IoT connectivity. Finally, a classification of IoT applications is considered in terms of various service requirements. For each group of classified applications, we outline its suitable IoT connectivity options.

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Section: A Short-range Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

IoT Connectivity Technologies and Applications: A Survey

et al. 2020

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“…Single color or multi-color light emitting diodes (LEDs) have been considered as sources of illumination and data communication in indoor VLC systems. However, LEDs have a slow response (normally tenth of megahertz for the single colour LED and hundreds megahertz for the multi-colour LED) [1], [4], laser diodes (LDs) have been suggested to realize multi-gigabit data transmission rates for indoor VLC systems [5]- [8]. Comparing LDs with LEDs, LDs offer higher modulation speeds and better efficiency for the electrical to optical conversion, which makes them better candidates as transmitters at high data rates [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parallel Data Transmission in Indoor Visible Light Communication Systems

et al. 2019

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This paper presents an indoor visible light communication (VLC) system in conjunction with an imaging receiver with parallel data transmission (spatial multiplexing) to decrease the effects of inter-symbol interference (ISI). To distinguish between light units (transmitters) and to match the light units used to convey the data with the pixels of the imaging receiver, we propose the use of subcarrier multiplexing (SCM) tones. Each light unit transmission is multiplexed with a unique tone. At the receiver, a SCM tone decision system is utilized to measure the power level of each SCM tone and consequently associate each pixel with a light unit. In addition, the level of co-channel interference (CCI) between light units is estimated using the SCM tones. Our proposed system is examined in two indoor environments taking into account reflective components (first and second order reflections). The results show that this system has the potential to achieve an aggregate data rate of 8 Gb/s with a bit error rate (BER) of 10 -6 for each light unit, using simple on-off-keying (OOK).

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“…To satisfy the exponential bandwidth increase in indoor networks, beam-steered indoor infrared (IR) light optical wireless communication employing narrow pencil-beams is attracting increasing interest [1][2][3][4]. The IR spectrum is license-free and its wide frequency range offers a potentially large capacity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The IR spectrum is license-free and its wide frequency range offers a potentially large capacity. The steered free-space narrow IR beam brings the light only where and when needed, and offers non-shared connections [1]. Recently, the λ-controlled 2dimensional (2-D) IR beam steering system using a high port-count arrayed waveguide grating router (AWGR) was proposed and experimentally demonstrated [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%