Indoor and outdoor particle size characterization at a family house in Espoo–Finland

Hussein, Tareq; Hämeri, Kaarle; Heikkinen, Maire S.A.; Kulmala, Markku

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2005.03.011

Cited by 111 publications

(103 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…A slightly higher I/O characterized PM1 (0.66 AE 0.12 as average over the two campaigns) compared with PM2.5 (0.62 AE 0.14), as foreseen by previous studies (Hussein et al, 2005;McAuley et al, 2010). Fig.…”

Section: Indooreoutdoor Relationship Of Pm Mass Concentrationsupporting

confidence: 62%

“…It is a very simple, useful parameter, since it can be easily calculated and it enables to quickly establish whether the indoor environment is enriched with PM or compounds compared with the outdoor (e.g., Chen and Zhao, 2011;Hussein et al, 2005).…”

Section: Indooreoutdoor Relationshipmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The target of the study is fine PM (PM2.5 and PM1), which has been identified as the most dangerous fraction from a human health point of view. Moreover, the degree of infiltration of particles into buildings depends on particle size, and is lowest for the coarse fraction, PM2.5e10 (Hussein et al, 2005;McAuley et al, 2010). The PM samples were analyzed to determine some of the compounds with possible adverse effects on humans, i.e., PAHs, BpA, and water soluble inorganic ions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Indoor airborne particle sources and semi-volatile partitioning effect of outdoor fine PM in offices

Sangiorgi

Ferrero

Ferrini

et al. 2013

Atmospheric Environment

117

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To date, few studies have focused on PM air quality in offices, despite the fact that a lot of people spend\ud many working hours a day in such offices. The aim of the present study is to investigate PM1 and PM2.5\ud in offices in Milan (Northern Italy) and in the air outside those offices. The PM samples were analyzed to\ud determine the entity of certain compounds with possible direct or indirect adverse effects on human\ud health: PAHs, BpA, and water soluble inorganic ions.\ud A good correlation between outdoor and indoor PM mass concentrations emerged (R2 w0.87). The\ud maximum I/O concentration ratiowas 0.92, suggesting that the indoor PM levelwas always lower than the\ud outdoor level. The average infiltration factor, FINF,was 0.55, showing that about a half of the outdoor PMhad\ud come indoors. The indoor-generated particles, Cig, had values ranging from 0 to 4.4 mg m3 (<25% of the\ud indoor PM), showing that PM indoor sources had only made a limited contribution to total indoor PM.\ud The results of the indoor-to-outdoor comparisons for the aforementioned chemical compounds\ud demonstrate that the offices were characterized by the absence of effective indoor sources of particulatebound\ud PAHs and inorganic ions, whereas Cig was around 58% of the indoor concentration for BpA. Our\ud analysis of the FINF data pointed to the presence of a volatilization effect from PM for semi-volatile\ud compounds like ammonium nitrate and 4- or 5-ring PAHs, which affected the measurement of their\ud FINF. We propose the introduction of a new and simple parameter, called volatilization correction, to take\ud account of this effect

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Section: Indooreoutdoor Relationship Of Pm Mass Concentrationsupporting

confidence: 62%

Section: Indooreoutdoor Relationshipmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Indoor airborne particle sources and semi-volatile partitioning effect of outdoor fine PM in offices

Sangiorgi

Ferrero

Ferrini

et al. 2013

Atmospheric Environment

117

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“…In addition, this finding draws attention to the fact that home heating systems were not strong contributors to indoor UFPs in this study. However, it should be stated that indoor UFP concentrations cannot be directly estimated from outdoor measures when strong indoor sources are present Hussein et al, 2005). Nevertheless, it seems clear that outdoor UFPs are predictors of indoor exposures and that this relationship likely depends in part on home ventilation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indoor sources of UFPs have been investigated in a number of studies, and include cooking systems, portable heaters, burning candles, tobacco smoke, natural gas clothes dryers, and others (Li et al, 1993;Abt et al, 2000;Wallace, 2000;Dennekamp et al, 2001;Morawska et al, 2003;He et al, 2004;Wallace et al, 2004;Afshari et al, 2005;Hussein et al, 2005;Matson, 2005;Wallace, 2005). However, studies to date have generally been conducted in 15 or fewer homes and have not compared indoor UFP exposures according to the type of home heating system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Indoor ultrafine particle exposures and home heating systems: A cross-sectional survey of Canadian homes during the winter months

Weichenthal

Dufresne

Infante‐Rivard

et al. 2006

J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol

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Exposure to airborne particulate matter has a negative effect on respiratory health in both children and adults. Ultrafine particle (UFP) exposures are of particular concern owing to their enhanced ability to cause oxidative stress and inflammation in the lungs. In this investigation, our objective was to examine the contribution of home heating systems (electric baseboard heaters, wood stoves, forced-air oil/natural gas furnace) to indoor UFP exposures. We conducted a cross-sectional survey in 36 homes in the cities of Montre´al, Que´bec, and Pembroke, Ontario. Real-time measures of indoor UFP concentrations were collected in each home for approximately 14 h, and an outdoor UFP measurement was collected outside each home before indoor sampling. A home-characteristic questionnaire was also administered, and air exchange rates were estimated using carbon dioxide as a tracer gas. Average UFP exposures of 21,594 cm À3 (95% confidence interval (CI): 14,014, 29,174) and 6660 cm À3 (95% CI: 4339, 8982) were observed for the evening (1600-2400) and overnight (2400-0800) hours, respectively. In an unadjusted comparison, overnight baseline UFP exposures were significantly greater in homes with electric baseboard heaters as compared to homes using forced-air oil or natural gas furnaces, and homes using wood stoves had significantly greater overnight baseline UFP exposures than homes using forced-air natural gas furnaces. However, in multivariate models, electric oven use (b ¼ 12,253 cm À3 , 95% CI: 3524, 20,982), indoor relative humidity (b ¼ 1136 cm À3 %, 95% CI: 372, 1899), and indoor smoking (b ¼ 18,192 cm À3 , 95% CI: 2073, 34,311) were the only significant determinants of mean indoor UFP exposure, whereas air exchange rate (b ¼ 4351 cm À3 h À1 , 95% CI: 1507, 7195) and each 10,000 cm À3 increase in outdoor UFPs (b ¼ 811 cm À3 , 95% CI: 244,1377) were the only significant determinants of overnight baseline UFP exposures. In general, our findings suggest that home heating systems are not important determinants of indoor UFP exposures.

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Exposure Assessment for Ambient Ultrafine Particles

Lanki

Cyrys

Wichmann

et al. 2011

Cardiovascular Effects of Inhaled Ultrafine and Nanosized Particles

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Indoor and outdoor particle size characterization at a family house in Espoo–Finland

Cited by 111 publications

References 40 publications

Indoor airborne particle sources and semi-volatile partitioning effect of outdoor fine PM in offices

Indoor airborne particle sources and semi-volatile partitioning effect of outdoor fine PM in offices

Indoor ultrafine particle exposures and home heating systems: A cross-sectional survey of Canadian homes during the winter months

Exposure Assessment for Ambient Ultrafine Particles

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