Indoor Air Quality in Passivhaus Dwellings: A Literature Review

Moreno-Rangel, Alejandro; Sharpe, Tim; McGill, Grainne; Musau, Filbert

doi:10.3390/ijerph17134749

Cited by 52 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 90 publications

(206 reference statements)

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“…Ventilation has a major impact on indoor air quality (IAQ) and comfort [32,33]. Mechanical ventilation systems that are properly operated and maintained eliminate pollutants, improve IAQ and minimize the incidence of comfort-and health-related problems, in particular in new and air-tight buildings [34,35]. They are also highly effective in reducing particle pollution in residential buildings [36].…”

Section: Mechanical Ventilationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Applicability of Coanda Effect Hysteresis for Designing Unsteady Ventilation Systems

Skotnicka-Siepsiak

2020

Energies

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Energy-saving ventilation systems are designed to improve the energy efficiency of buildings. Low energy efficiency in buildings poses a considerable problem that needs to be addressed. Mechanical ventilation with heat recovery has gained increased popularity in recent years. Mechanical ventilation has numerous advantages, including easy adjustment and control, high indoor air quality and elimination of indoor pollutants. Mixing ventilation is the most popular type of mechanical ventilation, in particular in residential buildings. Unsteady ventilation is a type of mixing ventilation that involves stronger mixing effects and smaller vertical temperature gradients to improve indoor air quality (IAQ) and minimize energy consumption. This study examines the possibility of controlling and modifying Coanda effect hysteresis (CEH) to generate unsteady flow and simulate the conditions of unsteady mixing ventilation. The experiment was performed on a self-designed test bench at the University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn. It demonstrated that an auxiliary nozzle can be applied at the diffuser outlet to control CEH and the angles at which the air jet becomes attached to and separated from the flat plate positioned directly behind the nozzle. The study proposes an innovative mixing ventilation system that relies on CEH. The potential of the discussed concept has not been recognized or deployed in practice to date. This is the first study to confirm that an auxiliary nozzle by the diffuser outlet can be operated in both injection and suction mode to control CEH. In the future, the results can be used to design a new type of nozzles for unsteady ventilation systems that are based on CEH control.

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Section: Mechanical Ventilationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Applicability of Coanda Effect Hysteresis for Designing Unsteady Ventilation Systems

Skotnicka-Siepsiak

2020

Energies

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“…39 Despite advances in measurement technologies, a recent review of Passivhaus studies indicated very few studies included physical IAQ measurements beyond CO 2 . 40,41 This indicates a lack of comprehensive UK-based IAQ studies on lowenergy dwellings including apartments. 42 Meanwhile, the recent IEA-EBC Annex 68, 'Indoor Air Quality Design and Control in Low Energy Residential Buildings', has contributed to the definition of IAQ metrics, identified key pollutants from previous studies and developed guidelines for the design and operational strategy of domestic dwellings.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal variations and the influence of ventilation rates on IAQ: A case study of five low-energy London apartments

Stamp

Burman

Shrubsole

et al. 2021

Indoor and Built Environment

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The indoor air quality (IAQ) of five low-energy London apartments has been assessed through the measurement of 16 key pollutants, using continuous and diffusive methods across heating and non-heating seasons. This case study approach aimed to assess the presence of pollutants within low-energy apartments and to better understand the role of ventilation and seasonal variations in indoor air quality. The results indicate strong seasonal variations, driven by increased natural ventilation rates over the summer monitoring period. A combined metric for indoor and outdoor pollutants ( Itot) suggests that the IAQ in the winter ( Itot = 17.7) is more than twice as bad as that seen in the summer ( Itot = 8.6). Formaldehyde concentrations were lower in the non-heating season, indicating increased ventilation rates more than offset increased off-gassing, in contrast to findings in other studies. However, increased summertime ventilation rates were observed to increase the proportion of outdoor pollutants entering the internal environment. This resulted in higher indoor concentrations of NO2 in the summer than the winter, despite significant reductions in outdoor concentrations. These results demonstrate the impact of ventilation practices upon IAQ, the influence of occupant actions and the complex relationship ventilation rates play in balancing indoor and outdoor sources of air pollution.

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“…Additionally, advanced and efficient HVAC systems can offer energy savings and benefits to occupants [45,46]. Air quality impacts the health and comfort of building occupants [47], and passive houses have higher air-change rates than that of the minimum building code requirement and achieve limited energy consumption [48][49][50][51]. This could become a driving force for increased competitiveness through approaches to implementation for sustainable growth.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Professionals’ and the General Public’s Perceptions of Passive Houses in Korea: Needs Assessment for the Improvement of the Energy Efficiency and Indoor Environmental Quality

Lee¹,

Shepley

Choi³

2021

Sustainability

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Despite the economic and environmental benefits of passive houses, their market penetration has been low, which is partially due to misperceptions regarding their cost. This study examined the perceptions of building-related professionals and the general public regarding Korean passive houses to explore strategies for spurring passive house concepts and practices. The participants took an online survey on their interest in and reasons to reside in passive houses and their expected construction costs. The results from two separate groups of participants, including 162 professionals and 130 members of the general public, were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Both the professional and general public groups expressed a strong interest in passive houses because of the comfortable and healthy indoor environment, energy efficiency, cost savings, and sustainability that they provide. However, the expected construction costs of passive houses were perceived differently by the two groups: They were believed to be less expensive by the professionals and more expensive by the public respondents. This difference seems to result from their prior knowledge or experience regarding passive houses. Both groups were willing to pay more and assumed that the high expected costs were related to the construction products, systems, and labor costs of passive houses. The results showed that the lack of information or education on passive houses could be a major barrier to accessing passive houses, especially with the general public, while the cost could pose less of a barrier to the overall growth of the Korean passive house market. Further efforts by the government and industry are needed in order to provide more educational programs and to identify and manufacture more reasonably priced construction materials.

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Indoor Air Quality in Passivhaus Dwellings: A Literature Review

Cited by 52 publications

References 90 publications

The Applicability of Coanda Effect Hysteresis for Designing Unsteady Ventilation Systems

The Applicability of Coanda Effect Hysteresis for Designing Unsteady Ventilation Systems

Seasonal variations and the influence of ventilation rates on IAQ: A case study of five low-energy London apartments

Analysis of Professionals’ and the General Public’s Perceptions of Passive Houses in Korea: Needs Assessment for the Improvement of the Energy Efficiency and Indoor Environmental Quality

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