Indoor air quality in day-care centres: a global review

Anake, Winifred U.; Nnamani, Esther A.

doi:10.1007/s11869-023-01320-5

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 103 publications

(182 reference statements)

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“…The ADDs of PAEs for children and adults through dust ingestion were 1.46–1.56 orders higher than that of dust inhalation and dermal adsorption. Similar results have been reported and documented by other researchers and reviewers 12 , 76 , 78 – 80 .…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

Levels and health risk assessments of Phthalate acid esters in indoor dust of some microenvironments within Ikeja and Ota, Nigeria

Anake

Nnamani

2023

Sci Rep

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The levels, profiles of Phthalate acid esters (PAEs) and their associated health risk in children and adults using indoor dust samples were assessed from nine (9) microenvironments in Nigeria. Six PAEs congeners were determined using Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry and the human health risk assessments of PAEs exposure to children and adults were computed using the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) exposure model. The mean concentrations of the total PAEs (Σ6PAEs) in indoor dust across the study locations ranged from 1.61 ± 0.12 to 53.3 ± 5.27 μg/g with 72.0% of di-n-octyl phthalate (DnOP) as the most predominant contributor of PAEs in sample locations B, C, D, E, F and G. PAEs estimated daily intake results exceeded the USEPA value of 20 and 50 kg/bw/day for children and adults respectively in some locations. Non-carcinogenic risk exposure indicated no risk (HI < 1), while the carcinogenic risk was within the recommended threshold of 1.00 × 10–4 to 1.00 × 10–6 for benzyl butyl phthalate and bis-2-ethylhexyl phthalate. From our findings, lower levels of PAEs were observed in locations with good ventilation system. Also, the human health risk evaluation indicated indoor dust ingestion as the dominant exposure route of PAEs for both children and adults, while the children were at a higher risk of PAEs exposure. To protect children susceptible to these endocrine-disrupting pollutants, soft vinyl children’s toys and teething rings should be avoided. Appropriate policies and procedures on the reduction of PAEs exposure to humans should be enacted by all stakeholders, including government regulatory agencies, industries, school administrators and the entire community.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

Levels and health risk assessments of Phthalate acid esters in indoor dust of some microenvironments within Ikeja and Ota, Nigeria

Anake

Nnamani

2023

Sci Rep

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Ultrasensitive Indium Phosphide Nanomembrane Wearable Gas Sensors

Wei,

Haggren,

et al. 2024

Energy & Environ Materials

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Air quality is deteriorating due to continuing urbanization and industrialization. In particular, nitrogen dioxide (NO2) is a biologically and environmentally hazardous byproduct from fuel combustion that is ubiquitous in urban life. To address this issue, we report a high‐performance flexible indium phosphide nanomembrane NO2 sensor for real‐time air quality monitoring. An ultralow limit of detection of ~200 ppt and a fast response have been achieved with this device by optimizing the film thickness and doping concentration during indium phosphide epitaxy. By varying the film thickness, a dynamic range of values for NO2 detection from parts per trillion (ppt) to parts per million (ppm) level have also been demonstrated under low bias voltage and at room temperature without additional light activation. Flexibility measurements show an adequately stable response after repeated bending. On‐site testing of the sensor in a residential kitchen shows that NO2 concentration from the gas stove emission could exceed the NO2 Time Weighted Average limit, i.e., 200 ppb, highlighting the significance of real‐time monitoring. Critically, the indium phosphide nanomembrane sensor element cost is estimated at <0.1 US$ due to the miniatured size, nanoscale thickness, and ease of fabrication. With these superior performance characteristics, low cost, and real‐world applicability, our indium phosphide nanomembrane sensors offer a promising solution for a variety of air quality monitoring applications.

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