Indoor air quality and the risk of lower respiratory tract infections in young Canadian Inuit children

Kovesi, Tom; Gilbert, Nicolas L.; Stocco, Corinne; Fugler, Don; Dales, Robert; Guay, Mireille; Miller, Jeffrey D.

doi:10.1503/cmaj.061574

Cited by 111 publications

(140 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…18 The same preponderance of ALRI in indigenous children (vs non-indigenous children) is also seen in the USA, New Zealand and Canada. 4,11,19 Hospitalisation rates for respiratory infections in AI/AN children were almost double that for the rest of the paediatric population (116.1 versus 63.2/1000 respectively). Hospitalized ALRIs in Australian indigenous children are decreasing, 20 but they are increasing among AN children (39% of all infectious disease hospitalisations and 74% of infant infectious disease hospitalizations).…”

Section: Epidemiology and Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lung disease in indigenous children

Chang

Brown

Toombs

et al. 2014

Paediatric Respiratory Reviews

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A c c e p t e d M a n u s c r i p t 2 EDUCATIONAL AIMSThe reader will be able to:• Discuss the common respiratory problems encountered by indigenous children.• Appreciate the similarities and differences in the aetiology, associations and management of these common respiratory problems.• Understand the many facets that impact on the clinical outcomes of common respiratory conditions affecting indigenous children.• Discuss potential intervention targets that can reduce the morbidity and mortality of respiratory diseases in indigenous children. Page 3 of 27A c c e p t e d M a n u s c r i p t 3 SUMMARY Children in indigenous populations have substantially higher respiratory morbidity than nonindigenous children. Indigenous children have more frequent respiratory infections that are, more severe and, associated with long-term sequelae. Post-infectious sequelae such as chronic suppurative lung disease and bronchiectasis are especially prevalent among indigenous groups and have lifelong impact on lung function. Also, although estimates of asthma prevalence among indigenous children are similar to non-indigenous groups the morbidity of asthma is higher in indigenous children. To reduce the morbidity of respiratory illness, best-practice medicine is essential in addition to improving socio-economic factors, (eg household crowding), tobacco smoke exposure, and access to health care and illness prevention programs that likely contribute to these issues. Although each indigenous group may have unique health beliefs and interfaces with modern health care, a culturally sensitive and community-based comprehensive care system of preventive and long term care can improve outcomes for all these conditions. This article focuses on common respiratory conditions encountered by indigenous children living in affluent countries where data is available.

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Section: Epidemiology and Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Canadian, 19 Alaskan, 60 and New Zealand studies have linked housing issues (e.g. overcrowding, lack of running water, reduced ventilation) to excess ARLIs.…”

Section: Contributing Factors To Alris and Csld/bementioning

confidence: 99%

Lung disease in indigenous children

Chang

Brown

Toombs

et al. 2014

Paediatric Respiratory Reviews

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“…CO 2 is considered an indirect marker of IAQ in the absence of other sources besides the anthropogenic [5]. Its concentration could be highly influenced by the number of occupants in the room [10], human behaviours and building characteristics [4]. A high CO 2 concentration suggests a low air supply which may elicit symptoms due to higher concentrations of air pollutants [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A high CO 2 concentration suggests a low air supply which may elicit symptoms due to higher concentrations of air pollutants [21]. On the other hand, it can reflect an excessive number of children in the room [10], which might enhance respiratory infections.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CO2 concentration in day care centres is related to wheezing in attending children

et al. 2014

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Poor ventilation at day care centres (DCCs) was already reported, although its effects on attending children are not clear. This study aimed to evaluate the association between wheezing in children and indoor CO 2 (a ventilation surrogate marker) in DCC and to identify behaviours and building characteristics potentially related to CO 2 . In phase I, 45 DCCs from Lisbon and Oporto (Portugal) were selected through a proportional stratified random sampling. In phase II, 3 months later, 19 DCCs were further reassessed after cluster analysis for the greatest difference comparison. In both phases, children's respiratory health was assessed by ISAAC-derived questionnaires. Indoor CO 2 concentrations and building Communicated by David NadalWhat is known-what is new: Poor ventilation at day care centres (DCC) was already reported. The results of the present study suggest that poor ventilation in DCC could be related to wheezing in children. Even though natural actions could not be sufficient to provide ventilation and reduce CO 2 to acceptable levels, the increment of natural ventilation through effective open window practices and adjusting the number of children in each classroom may be considered.P. Carreiro-Martins : I. Caires : J. Araújo-Martins :

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“…A case study on the perceptions and experiences of Inuit living in crowded conditions reports the most significant problems as not having time alone, noisy conditions, trouble sleeping and a high prevalence of anger in homes that were nearly always overcrowded (1) -each of these with possible consequences for psychological wellbeing (10). Crowded conditions contribute to the high rates of lower respiratory tract infections in Inuit children due to inadequate ventilation in homes (11). In Nunavik, 35-45% of Inuit children with asthma or wheezing lived in overcrowded homes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inuit housing and homelessness: results from the International Polar Year Inuit Health Survey 2007–2008

Minich

Saudny

Lennie

et al. 2011

International Journal of Circumpolar Health

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Objectives. Evaluate housing characteristics across Inuit regions inResults. A total of 2,796 Inuit households were approached, of which 68% participated (n=1,901 households). In ISR and Nunavut, approximately 20% of homes provided shelter to the homeless compared to 12% in Nunatsiavut (p≤0.05). The prevalence of public housing and household crowding also varied by region, with Nunavut having a statistically significantly higher prevalence of crowding (30%) than Nunatsiavut (12%) and ISR (12%). Household crowding was more prevalent among homes with children. Overall, 40% of homes were in need of major repairs and problems with mould were reported in 20% of households. Conclusions. Adequate shelter is a basic human need and an essential foundation for thriving population health. The results indicate that improvements in housing indicators are needed. Of utmost concern is the high prevalence of overcrowding in Inuit homes with children, which poses potential consequences for children's health and well-being. Further, the high percentage of homes providing shelter to the homeless suggests that hidden homelessness needs to be addressed by further research and program implementation. (Int J Circumpolar Health 2011; 70(5):520-531)

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Indoor air quality and the risk of lower respiratory tract infections in young Canadian Inuit children

Cited by 111 publications

References 26 publications

Lung disease in indigenous children

Lung disease in indigenous children

CO2 concentration in day care centres is related to wheezing in attending children

Inuit housing and homelessness: results from the International Polar Year Inuit Health Survey 2007–2008

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