Indoor air pollution by dioxins in day-nurseries. Risk assessment and management

Sagunski, H.; Forschner, S; Kappos, Andreas D.

doi:10.1016/0045-6535(89)90247-6

Cited by 5 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…The large variation in the indoor data is likely due to various ventilation conditions since the highest value was obtained in a small closet. These values can be compared to PCDD/F levels in indoor air at a daycare center with pentachlorophenol (PCP) treated home interiors where concentrations ranged from 10 to 1,700 fg TEQ m −3 (Sagunski et al 1989). For the indoor air samples, most of the PCDD/Fs were associated with the particle fraction (58-96% on the filter, see Table 5).…”

Section: Concentrations Of Exposure Mediamentioning

confidence: 98%

Exposure assessment at a PCDD/F contaminated site in Sweden—field measurements of exposure media and blood serum analysis

Åberg

Tysklind

Nilsson

et al. 2009

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Congener distribution patterns at the site were generally dominated by a specific marker congener (1234678-HpCDF), which is highly abundant in the polluted soil. The dioxin toxic equivalents (TEQ) concentrations were notably elevated as compared to national reference samples for most exposure media, and the marker congener was a major contributor to increased TEQ levels. There were also indications of soil-to-air volatilization of tetra- and penta-CDD/Fs. People who participated in the restoration of a contaminated building showed higher levels of 1234678-HpCDF compared to controls, and calculated exposure levels suggest that several site-specific exposure routes may be of importance for the daily intake of PCDD/F. CONCLUSIONS, RECOMMENDATIONS, AND PERSPECTIVES: Despite low mobility of higher chlorinated PCDD/Fs, these contaminants were transferred from the polluted soil to the surroundings and into human tissue. The extent of increased exposure from contaminated sites depends on the PCDD/F source strength of the soil, composition of the pollution, human activities, and dietary patterns of the residents. Impact from the contaminated soil on other exposure media was seen also for areas with low to moderate soil contamination. In the future, not only the levels of PCDD/F soil pollution but also the composition must be considered in risk assessments of contaminated sites.

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Section: Concentrations Of Exposure Mediamentioning

confidence: 98%

Exposure assessment at a PCDD/F contaminated site in Sweden—field measurements of exposure media and blood serum analysis

Åberg

Tysklind

Nilsson

et al. 2009

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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“…dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and dibenzofurans (PCDFs). The major contaminants of higher chlorinated congeners such as hexachlorodibenzo-p-dioxins, heptachlorodibenzo-p-dioxins, and octachlorodibenzop-dioxin (octaCDD) were found in indoor air of several day-care centers treated with PCP-based wood preservatives (1,2).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…For this purpose we analyzed blood samples collected in 1987 from female employees with previous exposure to PCP-based wood preservatives. The analysis was based on the findings of the congeners 1,2,3,4,7,8-, 1,2,3,6,7,8-and 1,2,3,7,8,9-hexaCDD, 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-heptaCDD, and octaCDD in indoor air (1). Because the health risk assessment of PCDD/PCDFs usually referred to all 2,3,7,8-substituted congeners, 2,3,7,8tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) toxicity equivalents calculated as international toxicity equivalents calculated according to the international NATO-CCMS model (I-TEQ) were also used.…”

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confidence: 99%

PCDD/PCDF indoor exposure in day-care centers and PCDD/PCDF blood concentrations of female employees.

Manikowsky

Sagunski

Päpke

et al. 1998

Environ Health Perspect

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We determined blood concentrations of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) in 41 female employees with previous exposure to pentachlorophenol-based wood preservatives from 10 day-care centers in the Hamburg, Germany, area. We compared the blood concentrations with estimated age-dependent reference values and analyzed the correlation between PCDD/PCDF indoor air exposure and blood concentrations. The analyses based on the PCDD congeners 1,2,3,4,7,8-, 1,2,3,6,7,8-, and 1,2,3,7,8,9-hexaCDD (hexaCDD), 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-heptaCDD (heptaCDD), octaCDD, and the 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin toxicity equivalents calculated according to the international NATO-CCMS model (I-TEQ). In comparison to the estimated reference values, the blood concentrations of hexaCDD and I-TEQ spread around the mean estimate. Data for octaCDD scattered in some cases distinctly above the upper confidence limit. Reference values for heptaCDD could not be estimated. The correlation between PCDD/PCDF indoor air exposure and PCDD/PCDF blood concentrations was examined by linear multiple regression analysis considering different exposure variables and taking confounders into account. Analyses were carried out with the total study group and with a restricted subgroup. Associations were shown between the PCDD/PCDF indoor air concentrations and blood concentrations for heptaCDD and for the I-TEQ, whereas hexaCDD showed no association. OctaCDD showed a negative association in the total study group and no association in the subgroup analysis. In summary, the analyses showed no clear association between PCDD/PCDF indoor air exposure in day-care centers and PCDD/PCDF blood levels of female employees previously exposed to wood preservatives. By contrast, the results consistently indicated a positive association between PCDD/PCDF blood concentrations and exposure to wood preservatives in private homes.

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“…We compared the blood concentrations with estimated age-dependent reference values and analyzed the correlation between PCDD/PCDF indoor air exposure and blood concentrations. The analyses based on the PCDD congeners 1, 2,3,4,7,1,2,3,6,7,and 1,2,3,7,8,1,2,3,4,6,7,, octaCDD, and the 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-pdioxin toxicity equivalents calculated according to the international NATO-CCMS model (I-TEQ). In comparison to the estimated reference values, the blood concentrations of hexaCDD and l-TEQ spread around the mean estimate.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

PCDD/PCDF Indoor Exposure in Day-Care Centers and PCDD/PCDF Blood Concentrations of Female Employees

Manikowsky¹,

Sagunski²,

Päpke³

et al. 1998

Environmental Health Perspectives

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We determined blood concentrations of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) in 41 female employees with previous exposure to pentachlorophenol-based wood preservatives from 10 day-care centers in the Hamburg, Germany, area. We compared the blood concentrations with estimated age-dependent reference values and analyzed the correlation between PCDD/PCDF indoor air exposure and blood concentrations. The analyses based on the PCDD congeners 1, 2,3,4,7,1,2,3,6,7,and 1,2,3,7,8,1,2,3,4,6,7,, octaCDD, and the 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-pdioxin toxicity equivalents calculated according to the international NATO-CCMS model (I-TEQ). In comparison to the estimated reference values, the blood concentrations of hexaCDD and l-TEQ spread around the mean estimate. Data for octaCDD scattered in some cases distinctly above the upper confidence limit. Reference values for heptaCDD could not be estimated. The correlation between PCDD/PCDF indoor air exposure and PCDD/PCDF blood concentrations was examined by linear multiple regression analysis considering different exposure variables and taking confounders into account. Analyses were carried out with the total study group and with a restricted subgroup. Associations were shown between the PCDD/PCDF indoor air concentrations and blood concentrations for heptaCDD and for the l-TEQ, whereas hexaCDD showed no association. OctaCDD showed a negative association in the total study group and no association in the subgroup analysis. In summary, the analyses showed no clear association between PCDD/PCDF indoor air exposure in day-care centers and PCDD/PCDF blood levels of female employees previously exposed to wood preservatives. By contrast, the results consistently indicated a positive association between PCDD/PCDF blood concentrations and exposure to wood preservatives in private homes. -Environ Health Perspect 106(Suppl 2):707-714 (1998

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Indoor air pollution by dioxins in day-nurseries. Risk assessment and management

Cited by 5 publications

References 2 publications

Exposure assessment at a PCDD/F contaminated site in Sweden—field measurements of exposure media and blood serum analysis

Exposure assessment at a PCDD/F contaminated site in Sweden—field measurements of exposure media and blood serum analysis

PCDD/PCDF indoor exposure in day-care centers and PCDD/PCDF blood concentrations of female employees.

PCDD/PCDF Indoor Exposure in Day-Care Centers and PCDD/PCDF Blood Concentrations of Female Employees

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