“…One may note and distinguish the Philippines with rich marine biodiversity (Aliño, 2002;Pimentel, D., Berger, D., & Filibirito, 2004) In fact, the Philippines is one of the six countries that make up the "Coral Triangle". Indonesia on the other hand, is also an archipelagic state with 17,508 islands, with five island divisions: Sumatra, Java, Kalimantan, Sulawesi, and Papua (Benavente-Villena & Pido, 2004;Firmansyah et al, 2019). Indonesia has 93,000 square kilometers of inland seas (Yunanto et al, 2019).…”