Indonesia di Antara Masalah Etnis Rohingya dan Etnis Uighur, 2014-2019

Abstract

Indonesia’s foreign policy during the 2014-2019 period was quite dynamic. Out of many issues, two international issues received strong reactions Indonesian society including Rohingya ethnic group issue in Myanmar and the Uighur ethnic group issue in China. Protests against these two issues occurred in two different time periods in some regions of Indonesia, demanding the government to take firm actions regarding these issues. This paper examines Indonesia’s attitudes toward Rohingya ethnic group issue in Myanmar and the Uighur ethnic group issue in China based on constructivism paradigm using the theory of identity. This paper presents gaps in Indonesia’s identity and interests regarding these issues which led to different attitudes in responding to those issues.

Indonesian Newsroom Management on Uyghur News Coverage

“…The Indonesian government views the Uighur case as China's domestic political problem and does not view these as human rights violence. The fact that China became one of Indonesia's trade partners has affected the Indonesian government's activities related to Uighur (Dewi et al, 2020;Pradityo, 2020). Beijing has even invited several representatives of Islamic organizations from Indonesia and an officer from the Organization of Islamic Cooperation to visit Xinjiang, including a visit to several facilities (Purba, 2020).…”

Ethnic Tensions in China: Xinjiang Conflict in Constructivism Perspective

“…Beberapa tahun terakhir, isu terkait etnis Uighur semakin mencuat seperti pelanggaran HAM (bahkan disebut terjadi genosida) oleh otoritas China, separatisme, serta terorisme. Human Rights Watch pada tahun 2018 melaporkan bahwa China melakukan penahanan massal, penyiksaan, pemaksaan indoktrinasi politik dan pengawasan massal terhadap muslim Xinjiang di kamp-kamp yang mana hal ini dibantah oleh otoritas China dengan dalih bahwa kamp-kamp tersebut merupakan tempat pendidikan kejuruan dan pusat pelatihan kerja yang bertujuan untuk membendung ekstremisme dan terorisme di Xinjiang (Pradityo, 2020dan Purba, 2020. Xinjiang secara historis telah menjadi rumah bagi etnis Uighur sejak lama bahkan pernah dua kali mendeklarasikan berdirinya negara Turkistan Timur (East Turkestan) meski berumur pendek atau hanya eksis dalam waktu singkat.…”