Indocyanine green‐enhanced fluorescence‐guided video‐assisted axillary surgery for chronic lymphocele

Abstract

Introduction Lymphocele occurs frequently after regional lymph node dissection. Surgery with multiple lymphatic ligation represents the only reliable treatment for long‐standing chronic lymphocele. Materials and Surgical Technique We report the case of a man with chronic axillary seroma after axillary lymphadenectomy for melanoma. The lymphocele was unresponsive to conservative management and successfully treated with indocyanine green lymphography‐guided video‐assisted axillary surgery. Discussion Indocyanine green‐enhanced fluorescence video‐assisted identification and ligation of lymph vessels can simply and effectively treat recurrent chronic lymphocele after axillary or groin lymphadenectomy.

Successful use of doxycycline as sclerosing agent with wound vac to treat chronic groin seroma: A case study

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“…Laparoscopic marsupialization is also an option 5 . To identify and embolize lymph leakage, lymphangiography using indocyanine green or ethiodized oil is effective 6,7 . A systematic review 8 showed proportions of successful interventions for percutaneous catheter drainage, percutaneous catheter drainage with the addition of sclerotherapy, and embolization: 0.612 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.490–0.722), 0.890 (95% CI: 0.781–0.948), and 0.922 (95% CI: 0.731–0.981), respectively.…”

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“…13−18 Consequently, ICG may be an ideal diagnostic material for biomedical imaging. 19 During treatment by PDT, tumor tissue oxygen can be significantly depleted, leading to hypoxia. Hypoxia can cause poor responses in PDT and conventional procedures including radiotherapy and chemotherapy.…”

“…It has fluorescence properties that can be used for imaging and can produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) for photodynamic therapy (PDT) and be induced by 808 nm laser irradiation to produce local hyperthermia for photothermal therapy (PTT). Moreover, ICG is inexpensive and widely available. − Consequently, ICG may be an ideal diagnostic material for biomedical imaging . During treatment by PDT, tumor tissue oxygen can be significantly depleted, leading to hypoxia.…”