Indocyanine Green Clearance and Estimated Hepatic Blood Flow during Mild to Maximal Exercise in Upright Man *

Abstract

Krogh in 1912 (1) postulated the necessity for a large capacity venous reservoir capable of quickly delivering an autotransfusion of blood into the right heart during exercise, particularly in upright man, where Krogh felt venous return may at times be inadequate. Bock and co-workers (2) in their classical work reasoned that increased blood flow to working muscle, related in part to local vasodilation, must be partially effected by decreased splanchnic blood flow. Since the splanchnic region receives 20 to 25% of the total left ventricular output but extracts only 10 to 25% of the available oxygen (3), the splanchnic bed is ideally suited for rapid correction for any residual inbalance between left ventricular output and peripheral distribution of flow.The experimental evaluation of the influence of exercise on splanchnic blood flow, however, has produced conflicting results. Herrick, Grindlay, Baldes, and Mann (4), and more recently Rushmer, Franklin, Van Citters, and Smith (5) did not find a decrease in splanchnic blood flow in dogs undergoing an intensity of exercise far below their maximal capacities. Also plethysmographic studies in man by Sj6strand (6) led him to conclude that intrathoracic rather than splanchnic blood depots are functionally important in exercise.In contrast, a study by Bradley (7) and by Wade and co-workers (8)

Haemodynamic changes during graded exercise in patients with diabetic autonomic neuropathy

“…Hepato-splanchnic blood flow was estimated from measurements of peripheral ]ndocyanine green clearance [10]. After 25 rain of supine rest, 3 ml blood were drawn from the right arm into heparinised tubes for preparation of plasma blanks.…”

“…Spectrophotometric analysis of urine (collected after the experiment) from group 3 patients with added human serum albumin showed that Indocyanine green was not lost in the urine. The plasma Indocyanine green fractional disappearance rate (k) was determined from the regression line for the log plasma concentrations versus time, calculated by the least squares method [10]. Plasma clearance, which varies in parallel with hepatic blood flow, was then calculated as k x plasma volume.…”

Is Early Ambulation Safe in Viral Hepatitis?

“…Blood flow to liver significantly reduces when an individual undertakes physical exercise in upright posture [7][8][9][10] This was the basis of popular hypothesis of yesterday. that exertion may be harmful to patients of AVH [11].…”

The effect of arm training on thermoregulatory responses and calf volume during upper body exercise

“…the lower body. Lower body exercise training has been demonstrated to lessen the decrease in blood flow to splanchnic, renal and cutaneous areas at a given power output (Ho et al, 1997;Rowell et al, 1964;1965) whereas blood flow to muscle remains unaffected (Stolwijik ,1997). Since upper body exercise affects splanchnic, renal and cutaneous blood flow (Ahlborg et al, 1975) it is possible that upper body training may also influence vasomotor responses in other areas such as calf volume changes during exercise.…”